Diseño y evaluacion de un sistema de inteligencia artificial (IA) basado en redes neuronales convolucionales (CNN) para la detección y clasificación de nódulo tiroideo por ultrasonido

dc.contributor.advisorLubinus Badillo, Federico Guillermo
dc.contributor.advisorOchoa Vera, Miguel Enrique
dc.contributor.advisorArias Trillos, Yhary Steffania
dc.contributor.authorMarconi Narváez, Boris Emel
dc.contributor.cvlacOchoa Vera, Miguel Enrique [0000898465]spa
dc.contributor.cvlacLubinus Badillo, Federico Guillermo [0001475552]spa
dc.contributor.orcidOchoa Vera, Miguel Enrique [0000-0002-4552-3388]spa
dc.contributor.orcidLubinus Badillo, Federico Guillermo [0000-0003-1741-7016]spa
dc.contributor.researchgateOchoa Vera, Miguel Enrique [Miguel_Ochoa7]spa
dc.contributor.scopusOchoa Vera, Miguel Enrique [36987156500]spa
dc.coverage.campusUNAB Campus Bucaramangaspa
dc.coverage.spatialFloridablanca (Santander, Colombia)spa
dc.coverage.temporal2022spa
dc.date.accessioned2022-11-24T14:33:59Z
dc.date.available2022-11-24T14:33:59Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.degree.nameEspecialistas en Radiología e Imágenes Diagnósticasspa
dc.description.abstractDebido a los avances de medicina y al diseño e implementación de sistemas de inteligencia artificial, con la capacidad de detectar enfermedades, los expertos emplean los sistemas de asistencia por computador con un aliado en la toma de decisiones para el diagnóstico de enfermedades como el Cáncer de la Tiroides. El trabajo de grado tuvo como objeto el diseño de un algoritmo basados en Redes Neuronales Convolucionales con la capacidad de detectar el nivel de riesgo en malignidad de un nódulo tiroideo, a partir de imágenes por ultrasonido, esto al emplear como base la clasificación EU TIRADS 2017. El trabajo se inició con la caracterización y clasificación de imágenes de los distintos tipos de nódulos tiroideos, a partir la experiencia de médicos con expertos en la identificación del grado de benignidad y malignidad de un nódulo tiroideo, al tener en cuenta el sistema clasificación EU TIRADS 2017, esto con el fin de generar una base de datos de imágenes apropiada para el proyecto. Se realizó el diseño de una red neuronal convolucional, con la ayuda del software matemático MATLAB 2021b, para el proceso de aprendizaje se logró obtener una base de imágenes de DICOM, que fue llevada a formato JPG, se obtuvo un total de 21.000 imágenes extraídas de equipos del ultrasonido del Servicio de Radiología (TOSHIBA APLIO 300,400) y del servidor del servicio de Radiología., de las cuales 17.000 se utilizaron en las fases de aprendizaje y entrenamiento, 4.000 para validación del algoritmo diseñada y 300 para el proceso de evaluación del desempeño de modelo diseñado. Se evaluó la variabilidad interobservador, se llevó a cabo un proceso de establecimiento de la precisión que ofrece el modelo para detectar y categorizar las imágenes de tiroides, esto a partir de pruebas estadísticas, y al compararlo con la clasificación de radiólogos con distintos niveles de experiencia. Para la comparativa con los radiólogos se llevaron a cabo dos sesiones de 75 imágenes, las cuales fueron presentadas de forma aleatoria, se empleó un radiólogo Senior con más de 10 años de experiencia, un radiólogo Junior con una experiencia menor a 10 años y un radiólogo residente de último año, los resultados obtenidos se entregaron a un epidemiólogo para su evaluación mediante el software estadístico Stata V14. Al tener en cuenta los resultados obtenidos el algoritmo desarrollado con Redes Neuronales Convolucionales una precisión de 0.995%, con un VPP de 0.97; el radiólogo senior una precisión de 97.05% y un VPP de 0.908; para el radiólogo junior la precisión fue de 90.84%, con un VPP de 1.0; y finalmente el radiólogo residente de último año tuvo un accuracy de 96.75%, con un VPP de 0.9624. Esto muestra en el sistema de IA con Redes Neuronales Convolucionales se puede emplear como una herramienta de apoyo a los radiólogos, para diagnóstico y valoración del nivel de benignidad o malignidad de nódulos tiroideos.spa
dc.description.abstractenglishDue to the advances in medicine and the design and implementation of artificial intelligence systems, with the ability to detect diseases, experts used computer assistance systems with an ally in decision-making for the diagnosis of diseases such as Cancer of the the Thyroid. The purpose of the degree work was the design of an algorithm based on Convolutional Neural Networks with the ability to detect the level of risk in malignancy of a thyroid nodule, from ultrasound images, using the EU TIRADS 2017 classification as a basis. The work began with the characterization and classification of images of the different types of thyroid nodules, based on the experience of physicians with experts in the identification of the degree of benign and malignant thyroid nodule, taking into account the EU classification system. TIRADS 2017, this in order to generate a database of appropriate images for the project. The design of a convolutional neural network was carried out, with the help of the mathematical software MATLAB 2021b, for the learning process it was possible to obtain a base of DICOM images, which was taken to JPG format, a total of 21,000 images were obtained from ultrasound equipment from the Radiology Service (TOSHIBA APLIO 300,400) and from the Radiology Service server, of which 17,000 were used in the learning and training phases, 4,000 for validation of the designed algorithm and 300 for the performance evaluation process of designed model. Inter-observer variability was evaluated, a process was carried out to establish the precision offered by the model to detect and categorize thyroid images, based on statistical tests, and by comparing it with the classification of radiologists with different levels of experience. . For the comparison with the radiologists, two sessions of 75 images were carried out, which were presented randomly, a Senior radiologist with more than 10 years of experience, a Junior radiologist with less than 10 years of experience and a radiologist Last year resident, the results obtained were delivered to an epidemiologist for evaluation using Stata V14 statistical software. When taking into account the results obtained, the algorithm developed with Convolutional Neural Networks has a precision of 0.995%, with a VPP of 0.97; the senior radiologist an accuracy of 97.05% and a PPV of 0.908; for the junior radiologist, the accuracy was 90.84%, with a PPV of 1.0; and finally, the last-year resident radiologist had an accuracy of 96.75%, with a PPV of 0.9624. This shows that the AI ​​system with Convolutional Neural Networks can be used as a support tool for radiologists, for diagnosis and assessment of the level of benign or malignant thyroid nodules.spa
dc.description.degreelevelEspecializaciónspa
dc.description.learningmodalityModalidad Presencialspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsPlanteamiento y Justificación del problema de investigación Objetivos Objetivo General Objetivos Específicos Antecedentes y Marco Teórico Diagnóstico Clasificación del Nódulo Tiroideo Inteligencia Artificial Estado del Arte Metodología Métodos Consideraciones Éticas Cronograma de actividades Discusión Limitaciones Conclusiones Bibliografíaspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameinstname:Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNABspa
dc.identifier.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional UNABspa
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl:https://repository.unab.edu.cospa
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/18462
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad Ciencias de la Saludspa
dc.publisher.grantorUniversidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNABspa
dc.publisher.programEspecialización en Radiología e Imágenes Diagnósticasspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia*
dc.rights.localAbierto (Texto Completo)spa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/*
dc.subject.keywordsMedical sciencesspa
dc.subject.keywordsHealth sciencesspa
dc.subject.keywordsRadiologyspa
dc.subject.keywordsDiagnostic imagingspa
dc.subject.keywordsNeural networksspa
dc.subject.keywordsCancerous nodulesspa
dc.subject.keywordsArtificial intelligencespa
dc.subject.keywordsUltrasound in medicinespa
dc.subject.lembCiencias médicasspa
dc.subject.lembRadiologíaspa
dc.subject.lembCiencias de la saludspa
dc.subject.lembInteligencia artificialspa
dc.subject.lembDiagnóstico por imágenesspa
dc.subject.lembUltrasonido en medicinaspa
dc.subject.proposalNodulos Cáncerigenosspa
dc.subject.proposalRadiologíaspa
dc.subject.proposalRedes neuronalesspa
dc.titleDiseño y evaluacion de un sistema de inteligencia artificial (IA) basado en redes neuronales convolucionales (CNN) para la detección y clasificación de nódulo tiroideo por ultrasonidospa
dc.title.translatedDesign and evaluation of an artificial intelligence (AI) system based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) for the detection and classification of thyroid nodule by ultrasoundspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.hasversioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.localTesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM

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