Revisión documental sobre el uso de sustancias psicodélicas en la psicoterapia

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dc.contributor.advisorOrtega Ortiz, Martha Eugenia
dc.contributor.apolounabOrtega Ortiz, Martha Eugenia [martha-eugenia-ortega-ortiz]spa
dc.contributor.authorGarcía Duran, Idy Mariana
dc.contributor.authorClaros Pinilla, Angie Carolina
dc.contributor.authorCabezas Ramírez, Sebastián Eduardo
dc.contributor.cvlacOrtega Ortiz, Martha Eugenia [0000194905]spa
dc.contributor.orcidOrtega Ortiz, Martha Eugenia [0000-0002-2396-4449]spa
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Investigación en Calidad de Vida y Salud Públicaspa
dc.coverage.campusUNAB Campus Bucaramangaspa
dc.coverage.spatialColombiaspa
dc.coverage.temporalFebrero a noviembre de 2024spa
dc.date.accessioned2024-12-02T16:14:01Z
dc.date.available2024-12-02T16:14:01Z
dc.date.issued2024-11-22
dc.degree.namePsicólogospa
dc.description.abstractEsta revisión documental examina el uso de sustancias psicodélicas en la psicoterapia, analizando publicaciones científicas sobre sus aplicaciones terapéuticas, mecanismos de acción y protocolos de implementación. La investigación utiliza un diseño cualitativo de tipo documental, empleando fichas bibliográficas como instrumento principal para la recolección y análisis de datos. Los resultados evidencian que los psicodélicos clásicos (LSD, DMT, psilocibina) y el MDMA muestran eficacia terapéutica significativa en el tratamiento de diversos trastornos mentales, particularmente en ansiedad, depresión resistente al tratamiento y TEPT. Los mecanismos de acción identificados involucran principalmente la activación de receptores 5-HT2A, generando cambios en la conectividad cerebral y mayor flexibilidad cognitiva. También, que la eficacia terapéutica depende de la integración de estas sustancias dentro de un protocolo psicoterapéutico estructurado, con fases de preparación, experiencia e integración. A su vez, se identifican vacíos significativos en la investigación, especialmente en el tratamiento de trastornos de la personalidad y efectos del consumo a largo plazo. Se concluye que, aunque los resultados preliminares son prometedores, se requieren estudios más amplios, controlados y longitudinales para establecer protocolos estandarizados y comprender mejor los mecanismos neurobiológicos subyacentes.spa
dc.description.abstractenglishThis documentary review examines the use of psychedelic substances in psychotherapy by analyzing scientific publications on their therapeutic applications, mechanisms of action, and implementation protocols. The research employs a qualitative documentary design, using bibliographic records as the primary instrument for data collection and analysis. Results show that classical psychedelics (LSD, DMT, psilocybin) and MDMA demonstrate significant therapeutic efficacy in treating various mental disorders, particularly anxiety, treatment-resistant depression, and PTSD. The identified mechanisms of action primarily involve the activation of 5-HT2A receptors, generating changes in brain connectivity and increased cognitive flexibility. The research also indicates that therapeutic efficacy depends on integrating these substances within a structured psychotherapeutic protocol, including preparation, experience, and integration phases. Additionally, significant research gaps were identified, especially regarding the treatment of personality disorders and long-term consumption effects. The study concludes that while preliminary results are promising, more extensive, controlled, and longitudinal studies are needed to establish standardized protocols and better understand the underlying neurobiological mechanisms.spa
dc.description.degreelevelPregradospa
dc.description.learningmodalityModalidad Presencialspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsIntroducción....................................................................................................8 Planteamiento del problema............................................................................... 10 Justificación..................................................................................................14 Objetivos......................................................................................................17 Objetivo general.....................................................................................17 Objetivos específicos...............................................................................17 Antecedentes.................................................................................................17 Internacionales......................................................................................18 Nacionales...........................................................................................20 Regional..............................................................................................23 Marco conceptual............................................................................................23 Psicodélicos..........................................................................................23 Historia de los psicodélicos...............................................................23 Definición..................................................................................25 Psilocibina.........................................................................26 Dietilamida del ácido lisérgico (LSD).........................................26 Ayahuasca.........................................................................26 Dimetiltriptamina (DMT).......................................................27 3.4-Metilenedioximetanfetamina (MDMA)..................................28 Efectos de los psicodélicos...............................................................29 Usos de los psicodélicos..................................................................34 Experiencias místicas de los psicodélicos..............................................35 Psicoterapia..........................................................................................38 Psicoterapia tradicional...................................................................38 Psicoterapia con psicodélicos............................................................39 Psicodélicos y trastornos clínicos..............................................40 Trastorno obsesivo compulsivo (TOC)...............................40 Trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT)...........................41 Depresión.................................................................42 Ansiedad..................................................................43 Adicciones................................................................44 Trastorno de la conducta alimentaria ................................45 Marco metodológico........................................................................................45 Tipo de investigación..............................................................................45 Diseño de investigación...........................................................................47 Estrategias o instrumentos........................................................................47 Participantes y criterios de elección.............................................................50 Procedimiento.......................................................................................51 Consideraciones éticas.............................................................................52 Plan de análisis de resultados..............................................................................52 Cronograma...................................................................................................54 Resultados....................................................................................................55 Discusión......................................................................................................67 Conclusiones.................................................................................................78 Recomendaciones............................................................................................79 Apéndices.....................................................................................................80 Referencias bibliográficas..................................................................................148spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameinstname:Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNABspa
dc.identifier.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional UNABspa
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl:https://repository.unab.edu.cospa
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/27624
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad Ciencias de la Saludspa
dc.publisher.grantorUniversidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNABspa
dc.publisher.programPregrado Psicologíaspa
dc.publisher.programidPSI-265spa
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dc.relation.uriapolohttps://apolo.unab.edu.co/en/persons/martha-eugenia-ortega-ortizspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia*
dc.rights.localAbierto (Texto Completo)spa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/*
dc.subject.keywordsPsychedelicsspa
dc.subject.keywordsPsychotherapyspa
dc.subject.keywordsDocumentary reviewspa
dc.subject.keywordsMystical experiencesspa
dc.subject.keywordsAyahuascaspa
dc.subject.keywordsPsilocybinspa
dc.subject.keywordsKetaminespa
dc.subject.keywordsTreatmentspa
dc.subject.keywordsMental disordersspa
dc.subject.keywordsProtocolsspa
dc.subject.keywordsPsychologyspa
dc.subject.keywordsPersonality disordersspa
dc.subject.keywordsMental healthspa
dc.subject.keywordsNeurobehavioral disordersspa
dc.subject.keywordsAnxietyspa
dc.subject.keywordsDepression, Mental (Prevention)spa
dc.subject.lembPsicologíaspa
dc.subject.lembTrastornos de la personalidadspa
dc.subject.lembSalud mentalspa
dc.subject.lembTrastornos neuroconductualesspa
dc.subject.lembAnsiedadspa
dc.subject.lembDepresión mental (Prevención)spa
dc.subject.proposalPsicodélicosspa
dc.subject.proposalPsicoterapiaspa
dc.subject.proposalRevisión documentalspa
dc.subject.proposalExperiencias místicasspa
dc.subject.proposalLSDspa
dc.subject.proposalMDMAspa
dc.subject.proposalAyahuascaspa
dc.subject.proposalPsilocibinaspa
dc.subject.proposalDMTspa
dc.subject.proposalKetaminaspa
dc.subject.proposalTratamientospa
dc.subject.proposalTrastornos mentalesspa
dc.subject.proposalProtocolosspa
dc.titleRevisión documental sobre el uso de sustancias psicodélicas en la psicoterapiaspa
dc.title.translatedDocumentary review on the use of psychedelic substances in psychotherapyspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.hasversioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.localTrabajo de Gradospa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TP

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