Implementación de un montaje de referencia para la evaluación del potencial bioquímico de metano en la degradación de contaminantes provenientes de la agroindustria colombiana

dc.contributor.advisorMeneses Jácome, Alexander
dc.contributor.advisorÁvila Rojas, Omar Alberto
dc.contributor.advisorMendoza Castellanos, Luis Sebastián
dc.contributor.apolounabMeneses Jácome, Alexander [alexander-meneses-jácome]spa
dc.contributor.apolounabMendoza Castellanos, Luis Sebastián [luis-sebastián-mendoza-castellanos]spa
dc.contributor.authorOrtiz Enciso, Camilo Andrés
dc.contributor.authorCarvajal Dueñez, Jesús David
dc.contributor.cvlacMeneses Jácome, Alexander [0000326020]spa
dc.contributor.cvlacMendoza Castellanos, Luis Sebastián [115302]spa
dc.contributor.cvlacÁvila Rojas, Omar Alberto [0000066086]spa
dc.contributor.googlescholarMeneses Jácome, Alexander [es&oi=ao]spa
dc.contributor.googlescholarMendoza Castellanos, Luis Sebastián [S5TZbi8AAAAJ]spa
dc.contributor.googlescholarÁvila Rojas, Omar Alberto [es&oi=ao]spa
dc.contributor.orcidMendoza Castellanos, Luis Sebastián [0000-0001-8263-2551]spa
dc.contributor.orcidÁvila Rojas, Omar Alberto [0000-0003-2872-5372]spa
dc.contributor.researchgateMeneses Jácome, Alexander [Alexander-Meneses-Jacome]spa
dc.contributor.researchgateMendoza Castellanos, Luis Sebastián [Sebastian_Mendoza6]spa
dc.contributor.researchgroupCentro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Bioética y Ambiente - CINBBYAspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Investigaciones Clínicasspa
dc.contributor.scopusMendoza Castellanos, Luis Sebastián [57193169160]spa
dc.coverage.campusUNAB Campus Bucaramangaspa
dc.coverage.spatialBucaramanga (Santander, Colombia)spa
dc.coverage.temporal2022spa
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-24T19:36:57Z
dc.date.available2023-05-24T19:36:57Z
dc.date.issued2023-05-24
dc.degree.nameIngeniero en Energíaspa
dc.description.abstractEl presente trabajo tuvo como finalidad implementar un montaje de referencia para la evaluación a escala de laboratorio del potencial bioquímico de metano (PBM) de una muestra de lodo anaerobio para la degradación de contaminantes provenientes de la agroindustria colombiana, utilizando como sustrato modelo de fácil degradación, el glicerol. Los ensayos de biodegradación a pequeña escala con el propósito de establecer una técnica confiable de PBM, se realizaron en biorreactores de 300 mL y las variables de control fueron la influencia de la relación substrato/inoculo (S/I) y la concentración del sustrato, en tanto que las variables de respuesta fueron la generación de biogás, la remoción de la demanda química de oxígeno (DQO) y el pH. De un diseño experimental exploratorio (-1, 0. 1) que comprometía 9 test, se logró acotar el intervalo de trabajo para la relación, que llevó a que finalmente en un ensayo final con tres réplicas con relación S/I de 3.2, se pudiera constatar que en condiciones de biodegradación anaerobia del glicerol, sin ajuste de pH ni de nutrientes, el consumo de DQO se encuentre alrededor del 30% lo que es coherente con las ecuaciones teóricas de producción de biogás, pero que es posible que luego del quinto día de experimentación, la actividad metanogénica se detenga como resultado de la rápida acidificación del medio y que el biogás resultante sea predominante en CO2 y no en CH4. En una segunda etapa de la experimentación se logró demostrar que el experimento es replicable en biorreactores de mayor escala (Bioflo 110) con producciones similares de biogás y remociones de DQO; los cuales fueron intervenidos para establecer los rangos operacionales de las variables agitación y temperatura de calentamiento. Un experimento realizado a esta escala a 37 ºC y agitación mecánica constante de 270 rpm, logró la mayor remoción de DQO en todo el estudio (41%)spa
dc.description.abstractenglishThe purpose of this work was to implement a reference set-up for the laboratory-scale evaluation of the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of an anaerobic sludge sample for the degradation of pollutants from the Colombian agroindustry, using glycerol as an easily degradable model substrate. The small-scale biodegradation tests with the purpose of establishing a reliable PBM technique were carried out in 300 mL bioreactors and the control variables were the influence of the substrate/inoculum (S/I) ratio and the substrate concentration, while the response variables were biogas generation, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and pH. From an exploratory experimental design (-1, 0. 1) involving 9 tests, it was possible to narrow the working range for the ratio, which finally led to a final test with three replicates with an S/I ratio of 3.2, it was possible to verify that in conditions of anaerobic biodegradation of glycerol, without adjustment of pH or nutrients, the COD consumption is around 30%, which is consistent with the theoretical equations of biogas production, but it is possible that after the fifth day of experimentation, the methanogenic activity stops as a result of the rapid acidification of the medium and that the resulting biogas is predominantly CO2 and not CH4. In a second stage of the experiment, it was possible to demonstrate that the experiment is replicable in larger scale bioreactors (Bioflo 110) with similar biogas production and COD removals, which were intervened to establish the operational ranges of the agitation and heating temperature variables. An experiment carried out at this scale at 37 ºC and constant mechanical agitation of 270 rpm, achieved the highest COD removal in the whole study (41%).spa
dc.description.degreelevelPregradospa
dc.description.learningmodalityModalidad Presencialspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsRESUMEN 1 INTRODUCCIÓN 1 JUSTIFICACIÓN 2 1. MARCO REFERENCIAL 3 1.1. MARCO CONCEPTUAL 3 1.1.1. POTENCIAL BIOQUÍMICO DE METANO 3 1.2. MARCO NORMATIVO Y ASPECTO DE GOBERNANZA DE LA BIOECONOMÍA 8 1.3. ANTECEDENTES 9 2. OBJETIVOS 10 2.1. OBJETIVO GENERAL 10 2.2. OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS 10 3. DESARROLLO METODOLÓGICO 11 3.1. PROCEDIMIENTOS Y METODOS EXPERIMENTALES COMUNES A TODA LA FASE EXPERIMENTAL 11 3.1.1. CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL INOCULO 11 3.1.2. PREPARACIÓN DE LA SOLUCIÓN MADRE DE SUBSTRATO (GLICEROL) 12 3.2. TEST DE POTENCIAL BIOQUÍMICO DE METANO (PBM) 13 3.2.1. ENSAYO EXPLORATORIO 13 3.2.2. MONTAJE EXPERIMENTAL PBM CUANTITATIVO 15 3.3. CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL BIORREACTOR BIOFLO 110 17 3.3.1. VERIFICACION DE FUNCIONALIDAD Y FACILIDADES OPERATIVAS 17 3.3.2. VERIFICACIÓN DE MEDICIÓN DE VARIABLES EXPERIMENTALES BIORREACTOR BIOFLO 110 19 3.4. VALIDACIÓN DEL MEJOR EXPERIMENTO EN REACTOR BIOFLO 110 21 4. RESULTADOS 22 4.1. ENSAYO EXPLORATORIO 22 4.2. MONTAJE EXPERIMENTAL BPM CUANTITATIVO 23 4.3. CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LAS CONDICIONES DE OPERACIÓN DEL REACTOR 26 4.4. VALIDACIÓN EN EL REACTOR BIOFLO 110 Y EN EL REACTOR IN VITRO 27 5. CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES 29 6. REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS 30 ANEXOS 38spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameinstname:Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNABspa
dc.identifier.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional UNABspa
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl:https://repository.unab.edu.cospa
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/20053
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.grantorUniversidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNABspa
dc.publisher.programPregrado Ingeniería en Energíaspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia*
dc.rights.localAbierto (Texto Completo)spa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/*
dc.subject.keywords(S/I) ratiospa
dc.subject.keywordsBiochemical methane potential (BMP)spa
dc.subject.keywordsAnaerobic sludgespa
dc.subject.keywordsAgroindustryspa
dc.subject.keywordsChemical oxygen demand (COD)spa
dc.subject.keywordsWaste transformationspa
dc.subject.keywordsBioremediationspa
dc.subject.keywordsAnaerobic digestionspa
dc.subject.lembIngeniería en energíaspa
dc.subject.lembInnovaciones tecnológicasspa
dc.subject.lembEnergíaspa
dc.subject.lembTransformación de residuosspa
dc.subject.lembBioremediaciónspa
dc.subject.lembDigestión anaeróbicaspa
dc.subject.lembBiogásspa
dc.subject.proposalPotencial bioquímico de metano (PBM)spa
dc.subject.proposalLodo anaerobiospa
dc.subject.proposalAgroindustriaspa
dc.subject.proposalRelación substrato/inóculo (S/I)spa
dc.subject.proposalDemanda química de oxígeno (DQO)spa
dc.titleImplementación de un montaje de referencia para la evaluación del potencial bioquímico de metano en la degradación de contaminantes provenientes de la agroindustria colombianaspa
dc.title.translatedImplementation of a reference assembly for the evaluation of the biochemical potential of methane in the degradation of pollutants from Colombian agroindustryspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.hasversioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.localTrabajo de Gradospa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TP

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