Comparación experimental del desempeño de procesos de secado de biomasa lignocelulósica

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dc.contributor.advisorDiaz González, Carlos Alirio
dc.contributor.apolounabDiaz González, Carlos Alirio [carlos-alirio-diaz-gonzalez]spa
dc.contributor.authorJurado Jurado, David Felipe
dc.contributor.authorCárdenas Canchón, José David
dc.contributor.cvlacDiaz González, Carlos Alirio [785806]spa
dc.contributor.googlescholarDiaz González, Carlos Alirio [nqw4a5gAAAAJ]spa
dc.contributor.linkedinDiaz González, Carlos Alirio [carlos-alirio-díaz-gonzález-b7194829]spa
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Investigación Recursos, Energía, Sostenibilidad - GIRESspa
dc.contributor.scopusDiaz González, Carlos Alirio [56704404900]spa
dc.coverage.campusUNAB Campus Bucaramangaspa
dc.coverage.spatialBucaramanga (Santander, Colombia)spa
dc.coverage.temporal2025spa
dc.date.accessioned2025-11-04T20:47:53Z
dc.date.available2025-11-04T20:47:53Z
dc.date.issued2025-07-07
dc.degree.nameIngeniero en Energíaspa
dc.description.abstractEl presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo diseñar, construir y evaluar experimentalmente un secador piloto tipo cabina para el pretratamiento de hoja de maíz, empleando dos fuentes energéticas: resistencia eléctrica y quemador de gas natural. Se investigaron cuatro variables de proceso temperatura de entrada (70 [°𝐶] y 90 [°𝐶]), tamaño de partícula (0,22−0,48 [𝑐𝑚2] y 0,8− 1,3 [𝑐𝑚2]), carga por bandeja (10 [𝑔] y 20 [𝑔]) y fuente energética en 16 configuraciones repetidas tres veces, 48 ensayos. En cada ensayo se midió el consumo energético, tiempo de secado (fijo en 1 hora), temperaturas internas, pérdidas de masa y humedad relativa a la salida del secador. A partir de estas mediciones se calcularon indicadores clave, destacándose: • Eficiencia térmica máxima del 8 % (resistencia eléctrica a 70[°C], partícula grande, 20 [g]). • Relación de utilización de energía (EUR) máxima del 98,4 % (gas natural a 90 [°C], partícula grande, 20 [g]). • Consumo específico mínimo de energía (SEC) de 8,5 [ 𝑊ℎ 𝑔𝐻₂𝑂 partícula grande, 20 [g]). • Tasa de evaporación máxima de 66,5 [𝑔𝐻2𝑂 ℎ ] (resistencia eléctrica a 70[°C],] (resistencia eléctrica a 90 [°C], partícula grande, 20 [g]). • Porcentaje mínimo de agua no retirada del 2,5 % (gas natural a 90 [°C], 10 [g], partícula pequeña). • Uniformidad del secado máxima del 98,8 % (gas natural a 90 [°C], 10 [g], partícula grande). • Incremento máximo del poder calorífico inferior de 15,3 [𝑘𝐽 𝑔 ] (gas natural a 90 [°C], 10 [g], partícula pequeña). • Valorización energética máxima con una relación de 5 [𝑘𝐽𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑘𝐽𝑖𝑛 [°C], 10 [g], partícula pequeña). ] (resistencia eléctrica a 70 • Retorno energético sobre la inversión (EROI) máximo de 24,2 % (resistencia eléctrica a 70 [°C], 20 [g], partícula pequeña). • Emisiones mínimas de CO₂ de 1,5 [𝑔𝐶𝑂2 𝑔𝐻₂𝑂 grande). ] (resistencia eléctrica a 70 [°C], 20 [g], partícula 7 • Costo mínimo operacional de 2,92 [ 𝐶𝑂𝑃 𝑔𝐻₂𝑂 ] (gas natural a 90 [°C], 20 [g], partícula grande). Se concluye que la elección óptima de condiciones depende del indicador prioritario. El gas natural destaca por menores costos operacionales y alta eficiencia energética (EUR), mientras que la resistencia eléctrica muestra ventajas en estabilidad térmica, emisiones de CO₂ y retorno energético (EROI).spa
dc.description.abstractenglishThe objective of this study was to design, build, and experimentally evaluate a pilot cabin-type dryer for the pretreatment of corn leaves, using two energy sources: electrical resistance and natural gas burner. Four process variables were investigated: inlet temperature (70 [°C] and 90 [°C]), particle size (0.22−0.48 [cm²] and 0.8− 1.3 [cm²]), tray load (10 [g] and 20 [g]), and energy source in 16 configurations repeated three times, for a total of 48 trials. In each test, energy consumption, drying time (fixed at 1 hour), internal temperatures, mass losses, and relative humidity at the dryer outlet were measured. Based on these measurements, key indicators were calculated, notably: • Maximum thermal efficiency of 8% (electrical resistance at 70[°C], large particle, 20 [g]). • Maximum energy utilization ratio (EUR) of 98.4% (natural gas at 90 [°C], large particle, 20 [g]). • Minimum specific energy consumption (SEC) of 8.5 [ 𝑊ℎ 𝑔𝐻₂𝑂 large particle, 20 [g]). • Maximum evaporation rate of 66.5 [𝑔𝐻2𝑂 ℎ ] (electrical resistance at 70[°C], ] (electrical resistance at 90 [°C], large particle , 20 [g]). • Minimum percentage of water not removed of 2.5% (natural gas at 90 [°C], 10 [g], small particle). • Maximum drying uniformity of 98.8% (natural gas at 90 [°C], 10 [g], large particle). • Maximum increase in lower heating value of 15.3 [kJ ] (natural gas at 90 [°C], 10 [g], small particle). • Maximum energy recovery with a ratio of 5 [𝑘𝐽𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑘𝐽𝑖𝑛 [°C], 10 [g], small particle). ] (electrical resistance at 70 • Maximum energy return on investment (EROI) of 24.2% (electrical resistance at 70 [°C], 20 [g], small particle). • Minimum CO₂ emissions of 1.5 [𝑔𝐶𝑂2 𝑔𝐻₂𝑂 large). ] (electrical resistance at 70 [°C], 20 [g], particle 7 • Minimum operating cost of 2.92 [ 𝐶𝑂𝑃 𝑔𝐻₂𝑂 ] (natural gas at 90 [°C], 20 [g], large particle). It is concluded that the optimal choice of conditions depends on the priority indicator. Natural gas stands out for its lower operating costs and high energy efficiency (EUR), while electrical resistance shows advantages in thermal stability, CO₂ emissions, and energy return (EROI).spa
dc.description.degreelevelPregradospa
dc.description.learningmodalityModalidad Presencialspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsRESUMEN ABSTRACT INTRODUCCIÓN 1. PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA 2. MARCO REFERENCIAL 2.1. Marco Teórico 2.2. Marco Conceptual 2.3. Marco Contextual 3. REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA 4. OBJETIVOS 4.1. Objetivo General 4.2. Objetivos Específicos 5. METODOLOGÍA 5.1. Diseño de la Investigación 5.2. Población y Muestra 5.3. Técnicas e Instrumentos de Recolección de Datos 5.4. Análisis de Datos 5.5. Limitaciones del Estudio 6. DESARROLLO 6.1. Construcción del Secador 6.2. Parámetros Experimentales 6.3. Procedimiento 7. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN 7.1. Análisis de Varianza Entre Tipos Experimentos 7.2. Balance de Energía 7.3. Análisis de Indicadores entre Pruebas 7.4. Discusión de Resultados 8. CONCLUSIONES REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS ANEXOSspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameinstname:Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNABspa
dc.identifier.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional UNABspa
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl:https://repository.unab.edu.cospa
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/32101
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.grantorUniversidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNABspa
dc.publisher.programPregrado Ingeniería en Energíaspa
dc.publisher.programidIES-3034
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dc.relation.uriapolohttps://apolo.unab.edu.co/en/persons/carlos-alirio-diaz-gonzalez/spa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia*
dc.rights.localAbierto (Texto Completo)spa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/*
dc.subject.keywordsBiomassspa
dc.subject.keywordsDryerspa
dc.subject.keywordsEnergyspa
dc.subject.keywordsIndicatorsspa
dc.subject.keywordsEnergy resourcesspa
dc.subject.keywordsEnergy engineeringspa
dc.subject.keywordsEnergy consumptionspa
dc.subject.keywordsNatural gasspa
dc.subject.keywordsConservation of energyspa
dc.subject.lembEnergíaspa
dc.subject.lembRecursos energéticosspa
dc.subject.lembIngeniería de la energíaspa
dc.subject.lembConsumo de energíaspa
dc.subject.lembGas naturalspa
dc.subject.lembConservación de la energíaspa
dc.subject.proposalBiomasaspa
dc.subject.proposalSecadorspa
dc.subject.proposalIndicadoresspa
dc.titleComparación experimental del desempeño de procesos de secado de biomasa lignocelulósicaspa
dc.title.translatedExperimental comparison of the performance of lignocellulosic biomass drying processesspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.hasversioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.localTrabajo de Gradospa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TP

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