Modelo matemático de gasificador de tipo downdraft para biomasa agrícola

dc.contributor.advisorDiaz González, Carlos Alirio
dc.contributor.apolounabDiaz González, Carlos Alirio [carlos-alirio-diaz-gonzalez]spa
dc.contributor.authorGamarra Quintero, Juan Sebastián
dc.contributor.cvlacGamarra Quintero, Juan Sebastián [0000186142]spa
dc.contributor.cvlacDiaz González, Carlos Alirio [0000785806]spa
dc.contributor.orcidGamarra Quintero, Juan Sebastián [0000-0003-0844-6106]spa
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Investigación Recursos, Energía, Sostenibilidad - GIRESspa
dc.contributor.scopusGamarra Quintero, Juan Sebastian [57222057966]spa
dc.coverage.campusUNAB Campus Bucaramangaspa
dc.coverage.spatialColombiaspa
dc.date.accessioned2024-02-05T17:29:52Z
dc.date.available2024-02-05T17:29:52Z
dc.date.issued2023-11-27
dc.degree.nameMagíster en Ingeniería en Energíaspa
dc.description.abstractEl uso de la biomasa como alternativa energética ha experimentado un crecimiento notable gracias al avance en tecnologías de conversión de biomasa en calor o energía, como es el caso de la gasificación. En el contexto de Colombia, un país excepcionalmente rico en biodiversidad, existe un potencial energético significativo que podría aprovecharse mediante la implementación de tecnologías como la gasificación. Sin embargo, dicha implementación se ha visto limitada en países como Colombia debido al escaso desarrollo tanto tecnológico como académico en el ámbito de la gasificación. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar un modelo matemático de equilibrio estequiométrico restringido para el proceso de gasificación de biomasa lignocelulósica, específicamente utilizando eucalipto, como un instrumento fundamental para el progreso tecnológico y académico en esta área. La composición del residuo de eucalipto se obtuvo a partir de estudios experimentales, sobre la cual se fundamentó el desarrollo del modelo de gasificación. Este modelo implementa dos reacciones fundamentales del proceso de gasificación: la Reacción de Hidrogasificación y la Reacción de Desplazamiento de Gas de Agua (WGSR). Las ecuaciones de equilibrio químico representativas para estas dos reacciones se determinaron mediante el concepto de la energía libre de Gibbs. Los datos resultantes se analizaron comparando el error cuadrático medio (MSE) y la raíz del error cuadrático medio (RMSE) para la composición de CO, H2 y CH4 en tres relaciones de equivalencia (RE): 0.374, 0.396 y 0.42. Los hallazgos más destacados de este estudio incluyen un ajuste satisfactorio del modelo mediante tres restricciones de rendimiento, enfocado especialmente en la corrección de la concentración de CH4. Este ajuste condujo a una reducción del MSE del 66,03% a un ínfimo 0,30%. Asimismo, se llevó a cabo una validación del modelo con otros tipos de biomasa como corteza de pino, aserrín y tuza de maíz, los cuales mostraron valores de MSE por debajo del 10%. Estos resultados evidencian la validez del modelo para estimar porcentajes de composición resultantes de un proceso de gasificación con diferentes composiciones de biomasa. Tales conclusiones son de suma importancia para la aplicación y desarrollo de procesos de gasificación con biomasa en el contexto colombiano.spa
dc.description.abstractenglishThe use of biomass as an alternative energy source has experienced significant growth, thanks to advancements in biomass conversion technologies for heat or energy, such as gasification. In the context of Colombia, a country exceptionally rich in biodiversity, significant energy potential could be harnessed by implementing technologies like gasification. However, such implementation has been limited in countries like Colombia due to the scarce technological and academic development in gasification. This work aims to present a mathematical model of restricted stoichiometric equilibrium for the gasification process of lignocellulosic biomass, specifically using eucalyptus, as a crucial tool for technological and academic progress in this area. The composition of eucalyptus residue was obtained from experimental studies, upon which the gasification model was based. This model incorporates two fundamental reactions of the gasification process: the Hydrogasification Reaction and the Water Gas Shift Reaction (WGSR). The representative chemical equilibrium equations for these two reactions were determined using the concept of Gibbs free energy. The resulting data were analyzed by comparing the mean squared error (MSE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) for the composition of CO, H2, and CH4 at three equivalence ratios (ER): 0.374, 0.396, and 0.42. The most notable findings of this study include a satisfactory model fit with three performance constraints, especially focusing on correcting the CH4 concentration. This adjustment led to a reduction in MSE from 66.03% to a minimal 0.30%. Additionally, model validation was conducted with other types of biomass such as pine bark, sawdust, and corn stover, all of which showed MSE values below 10%. These results highlight the model's validity in estimating composition percentages resulting from the gasification process.spa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.learningmodalityModalidad Presencialspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCapítulo 1: Introducción 9 Capítulo 2: Planteamiento 13 2.1 Problemática 13 2.2 Justificación 15 2.3 Objetivos 16 2.3.1 Objetivo General 16 2.3.2 Objetivos Específicos 16 2.4 Metodología 17 Capítulo 3: Marco Contextual. 18 3.1 Marco Conceptual 18 3.1.1 Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) y Desarrollo Sostenible 18 3.1.2 Transición Energética 19 3.1.3 Biomasa 20 3.1.4 Biomasa como Combustible 20 3.1.5 Potencial Energético de la Biomasa en Colombia 21 3.1.6 Rutas de Conversión de la Biomasa 21 3.1.7 Modelos de Gasificación 22 3.2 Marco Teórico 22 3.2.1 Conversión de la Biomasa 23 3.2.2 Conversión Termoquímica 23 3.2.3 Pirolisis 24 3.2.4 Combustión 24 3.2.5 Gasificación y Gasificadores 24 3.2.6 Modelado de Gasificación 28 3.2.7 Modelos de Equilibrio Termodinámico 28 3.2.8 Modelos Cinéticos 29 3.2.9 Modelos de redes artificiales neuronales (ANN) y Modelos de dinámica de fluidos computacional (CFD) 29 Capítulo 4: Estado del arte 31 Capítulo 5: Desarrollo 39 5.1 Caracterización de la Biomasa 40 5.2 Planteamiento del modelo de gasificación de equilibrio 41 5.3 Ajuste del modelo 46 5.4 Validación del modelo 50 Capitulo 6: Resultados 52 Capitulo 7: Conclusiones y Discusión 60 Capitulo 8: Recomendaciones 62 Bibliografía 63spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameinstname:Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNABspa
dc.identifier.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional UNABspa
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl:https://repository.unab.edu.cospa
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/23383
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad Ingenieríaspa
dc.publisher.grantorUniversidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNABspa
dc.publisher.programMaestría en Ingeniería en Energíaspa
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dc.relation.uriapolohttps://apolo.unab.edu.co/en/persons/carlos-alirio-diaz-gonzalezspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia*
dc.rights.localAbierto (Texto Completo)spa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/*
dc.subject.keywordsEnergy engineeringspa
dc.subject.keywordsTechnological innovationsspa
dc.subject.keywordsEnergyspa
dc.subject.keywordsBiomassspa
dc.subject.keywordsGasificationspa
dc.subject.keywordsRenewable energyspa
dc.subject.keywordsDowndraft gasifierspa
dc.subject.keywordsMathematical modelingspa
dc.subject.keywordsAlternative energyspa
dc.subject.keywordsFloorsspa
dc.subject.keywordsEnergetic industryspa
dc.subject.keywordsMachine designspa
dc.subject.keywordsGame theoryspa
dc.subject.lembIngeniería en energíaspa
dc.subject.lembInnovaciones tecnológicasspa
dc.subject.lembEnergíaspa
dc.subject.lembPlantasspa
dc.subject.lembIndustria energéticaspa
dc.subject.lembDiseño de máquinasspa
dc.subject.lembTeoría de los juegosspa
dc.subject.proposalGasificacionspa
dc.subject.proposalBiomasaspa
dc.subject.proposalGasificador Downdraftspa
dc.subject.proposalModelado matemáticospa
dc.subject.proposalEnergía alternativaspa
dc.titleModelo matemático de gasificador de tipo downdraft para biomasa agrícolaspa
dc.title.translatedMathematical model of downdraft type gasifier for agricultural biomassspa
dc.typeThesiseng
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.hasversioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dc.type.localTesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa

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