Factores asociados al bloqueo regional subaracnoideo fallido o incompleto con bupivacaína hiperbárica 0,5%
| dc.contributor.advisor | Leotau Rodríguez, Mario Andrés | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Meléndez Flórez, Héctor Julio | |
| dc.contributor.apolounab | Leotau Rodríguez, Mario Andrés [mario-andrés-leotau-rodríguez] | spa |
| dc.contributor.author | Hernández Villarraga, Andrés Felipe | |
| dc.contributor.cvlac | Hernández Villarraga, Andrés Felipe [0001707159] | spa |
| dc.contributor.cvlac | Meléndez Flórez, Héctor Julio [0000320609] | spa |
| dc.contributor.orcid | Hernández Villarraga, Andrés Felipe [0000-0002-3442-8748] | spa |
| dc.contributor.orcid | Leotau Rodríguez, Mario Andrés [0000-0003-4374-2840] | spa |
| dc.contributor.orcid | Meléndez Flórez, Héctor Julio [0000-0003-1791-8099] | spa |
| dc.coverage.campus | UNAB Campus Bucaramanga | spa |
| dc.coverage.spatial | Floridablanca (Santander, Colombia) | spa |
| dc.coverage.temporal | Septiembre 2024 a Febrero 2025 | spa |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-06-25T18:53:48Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-06-25T18:53:48Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2025-06-18 | |
| dc.degree.name | Especialista en Anestesiología | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | La anestesia regional subaracnoidea (ARS) es una técnica ampliamente utilizada en cirugías de abdomen inferior, pelvis y extremidades inferiores. El medicamento más empleado es la bupivacaína hiperbárica al 0,5%. A pesar de ser un anestésico local de uso común, ha mostrado comportamientos clínicos variables en nuestra población, presentando bloqueos subaracnoideos incompletos o fallidos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar los factores asociados bloqueo fallido o incompleto con bupivacaína hiperbárica, evaluando variables relacionadas con la técnica, el operador, el paciente y el medicamento así como la relación entre dosis, calidad y duración del bloqueo, mediante un estudio de tipo analítico prospectivo. La incidencia de bloqueo subaracnoideo fallido o incompleto fue del 11,46% (IC 95%), y el 5,71% de los casos requirió conversión a anestesia general. Dentro de los factores de riesgo que aumentaron la probabilidad de ARS fallida o incompleta se identificaron las punciones realizadas en niveles bajos (L4-L5 a L5-S1) (OR: 4,84; p=0,004), y la ejecución del procedimiento por parte de residentes de primer año (OR: 4,7; p=0,041). Además, los niveles sensoriales bajos alcanzados (T7 a T10) se asociaron a una mayor tasa de fallos (OR: 29,28; p=0,001). No se encontró asociación significativa con otras variables sociodemográficas, farmacológicas, de la técnica anestésica, ni del subgrupo obstétrico. Finalmente, el análisis del medicamento y su lote respectivo no mostró significancia estadística en relación con el bloqueo fallido o incompleto. Adicionalmente, el comportamiento del medicamento fue aceptable en relación a lo descrito en la literatura, con una disminución significativa en su perfil de inicio de acción. | spa |
| dc.description.abstractenglish | Subarachnoid regional anesthesia (SRA) is a widely used technique for surgeries involving the lower abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities. The most commonly employed drug is 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine. Although it is a local anesthetic frequently used in clinical practice, it has shown variable clinical behavior in our population, including cases of incomplete or failed subarachnoid blocks. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with failed or incomplete blocks using hyperbaric bupivacaine by evaluating variables related to the technique, the operator, the patient, and the drug, as well as the relationship between dose, block quality, and duration, through a prospective analytical study. The incidence of failed or incomplete subarachnoid block was 11.46% (95% CI), with 5.71% of cases requiring conversion to general anesthesia. Risk factors that significantly increased the probability of failed or incomplete SRA included punctures performed at lower spinal levels (L4-L5 to L5-S1) (OR: 4.84; p=0.004), and procedures carried out by first-year residents (OR: 4.7; p=0.041). Additionally, lower achieved sensory levels (T7 to T10) were associated with a higher failure rate (OR: 29.28; p=0.001). No significant associations were found with other sociodemographic, pharmacological, or anesthetic technique-related variables, nor with the obstetric subgroup. Finally, the analysis of the drug and its respective batch showed no statistically significant association with failed or incomplete blocks. Furthermore, the pharmacological behavior of the drug was deemed acceptable when compared with descriptions in the literature, although a significant reduction in its onset of action profile was observed. | spa |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Especialización | spa |
| dc.description.learningmodality | Modalidad Presencial | spa |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 1. Resumen ejecutivo …………………………………………………………………. 5 2. Lista de abreviaturas ……………………………………………………………….. 6 3. Introducción..……………………………………………………………………….. 7 4. Planteamiento del problema ..………………………………………………………. 8 5. Pregunta de investigación ………………………………………………………… 10 6. Hipótesis de trabajo ..……………………………………………………………… 11 7. Justificación .……………………………………………………………………… 12 8. Marco teórico .…………………………………………………………………….. 13 9. Objetivos .…………………………………………………………………………. 26 a. General ……………………………………………………………………………. 26 b. Específicos ..………………………………………………………………………. 26 10. Materiales y métodos .…………………………………………………………….. 27 a. Tipo de estudio ..…………………………………………………………………... 27 b. Población blanco ..………………………………………………………………... 27 c. Población elegible .……………………………………………………………….. 27 d. Criterios de inclusión ..……………………………………………………………. 27 e. Criterios de exclusión ..………………………………………………..…….……. 27 f. Tamaño de muestra .………………………………………………………………. 27 g. Sitio de ejecución ..…………………………………………………………..……. 28 h. Variables ..….………………………………………………………………..……. 28 i. Flujograma ..…………………….………………………………………………… 30 11. Aspectos éticos y legales .…………………………………………………………. 32 12. Resultados .……………………...…….……………………………………..……. 34 a. Manejo de datos y análisis estadísticos ..…….………………………………..…… 34 b. Resultados .………………………………………………………………………... 34 c. Discusión ..………………………………………………………………………... 48 d. Conclusiones .……………………………………………………………………... 52 13. Impacto y resultados esperados ..………………………………………….………. 54 14. Presupuesto ………………………………………………………………………. 55 15. Referencias bibliográficas …...…….………………………………………………56 16. Anexos …...……..………………………………………………………………… 64 a. Cronograma ……………….……………………………………………………… 64 b. Operacionalización de variables ………………..………………………………… 65 c. Instrumento de recolección ……………………………………………………..….68 d. Consentimiento informado ………………………………………………………... 70 17. Índice de tablas y gráficas …………………………………………………..…..… 76 | spa |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | spa |
| dc.identifier.instname | instname:Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNAB | spa |
| dc.identifier.reponame | reponame:Repositorio Institucional UNAB | spa |
| dc.identifier.repourl | repourl:https://repository.unab.edu.co | spa |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/30068 | |
| dc.language.iso | spa | spa |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad Ciencias de la Salud | spa |
| dc.publisher.grantor | Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNAB | spa |
| dc.publisher.program | Especialización en Anestesiología | spa |
| dc.publisher.programid | EANE-1049 | |
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| dc.relation.references | 65. Manouchehrian N, Rahimi-Bashar F, Pirdehghan A, Shahmoradi F. Comparison between 10 and 12 mg doses of intrathecal hyperbaric (0.5%) bupivacaine on sensory block level after first spinal failure in cesarean section: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Front Med (Lausanne) [Internet]. 2022 Oct 4 [cited 2025 May 25];9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36267612/ | spa |
| dc.relation.references | 66. Colish J, Milne AD, Brousseau P, Uppal V. Factors Associated With Failure of Spinal Anesthetic: An 8-Year Retrospective Analysis of Patients Undergoing Elective Hip and Knee Joint Arthroplasty. Anesth Analg [Internet]. 2020 Jan 1 [cited 2025 May 31];130(1):E19–22. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31306240/ | spa |
| dc.relation.references | 67. Frawley G. Second infant spinal anesthetic: Incidence, dose modification, and adverse events after initial failure. Paediatr Anaesth [Internet]. 2024 Apr 1 [cited 2025 May 31];34(4):324–31. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38146636/ | spa |
| dc.relation.references | 68. Patel J, Karimi H, Olmos M, Wiepert L, Kanter M, Hernandez NS, et al. The Relationship of Spinal Anesthesia Dosing Based on Thecal Sac Area to Anesthetic Failure in Lumbar Surgery. Neurosurgery [Internet]. 2024 Jul 1 [cited 2025 May 31];95(1):103–9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38299846/ | spa |
| dc.relation.uriapolo | https://apolo.unab.edu.co/en/persons/mario-andr%C3%A9s-leotau-rodr%C3%ADguez | spa |
| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | spa |
| dc.rights.creativecommons | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia | * |
| dc.rights.local | Abierto (Texto Completo) | spa |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/ | * |
| dc.subject.keywords | Anesthesiology | spa |
| dc.subject.keywords | Medical sciences | spa |
| dc.subject.keywords | Risk Factors | spa |
| dc.subject.keywords | Bupivacaine | spa |
| dc.subject.keywords | Spinal Anesthesia | spa |
| dc.subject.keywords | Medicine | spa |
| dc.subject.keywords | Local anesthesia | spa |
| dc.subject.keywords | Comorbidity | spa |
| dc.subject.keywords | Anesthesia in obstetrics | spa |
| dc.subject.keywords | Anesthetics (Side effects) | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Anestesiología | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Ciencias médicas | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Medicina | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Anestesia local | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Comorbilidad | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Anestesia en obstetricia | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Anestésicos (Efectos secundarios) | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Ciencias de la salud | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Anestesia raquídea | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Bupivacaína | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Factores de riesgo | spa |
| dc.title | Factores asociados al bloqueo regional subaracnoideo fallido o incompleto con bupivacaína hiperbárica 0,5% | spa |
| dc.title.translated | Factors associated with regional subarachnoid blockade failed o incomplete with hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% | spa |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | |
| dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | spa |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | |
| dc.type.hasversion | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | |
| dc.type.local | Tesis | spa |
| dc.type.redcol | http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM |
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