Métodos de geoestadística e interpolación espacial aplicados a datos climáticos

dc.contributor.advisorLeclerc, Gregoire
dc.contributor.authorMontegranario Riascos, Hebert
dc.contributor.cvlacMontegranario Riascos, Hebert [0000381918]spa
dc.coverage.campusUNAB Campus Bucaramangaspa
dc.coverage.spatialBucaramanga (Santander, Colombia)spa
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-12T19:41:56Z
dc.date.available2024-07-12T19:41:56Z
dc.date.issued2001
dc.degree.nameMagíster en en Ciencias Computacionalesspa
dc.description.abstractLa predicción de una propiedad sobre la base de un conjunto de mediciones puntuales en una región es necesaria si se va a elaborar un mapa de la propiedad para la región. De las técnicas de predicción e interpolación espacial, Kriging es óptimo entre todos los procedimientos lineales, ya que es imparcial y tiene una variación mínima del error de predicción. En Cokriging, que tiene esta misma propiedad atractiva, se utilizan observaciones adicionales de una o más covariables, lo que puede contribuir a una mayor precisión de las predicciones. Un procedimiento más reciente son los Splines de píate fino (TPS), de los cuales el famoso spline cúbico para una variable es un caso particular. Este método no requiere análisis de correlación espacial y es más fácil de implementar en computadora. En este estudio intentamos mejorar la comprensión de estos tres métodos, proporcionando los fundamentos matemáticos y comparando su desempeño utilizando valores medios mensuales de variables clonadas como temperatura y precipitación para Colombia; Implementando los principales algoritmos con Delphi Pascal Lenguaje.spa
dc.description.abstractenglishPredicting a property based on a set of point measurements in a region is necessary if a property map is to be constructed for the region. Of the spatial interpolation and prediction techniques, Kriging is optimal among all linear procedures as it is unbiased and has minimal prediction error variation. In Cokriging, which has this same attractive property, additional observations of one or more covariates are used, which can contribute to greater prediction accuracy. A more recent procedure is Fine Piate Splines (TPS), of which the famous cubic spline for a variable is a particular case. This method does not require spatial correlation analysis and is easier to implement on a computer. In this study we attempt to improve the understanding of these three methods, providing the mathematical foundations and comparing their performance using monthly mean values ​​of cloned variables such as temperature and precipitation for Colombia; Implementing the main algorithms with Delphi Pascal Language.spa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.learningmodalityModalidad Presencialspa
dc.description.sponsorshipInstituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM)spa
dc.description.sponsorshipUniversidad Autónoma de Occidentespa
dc.description.tableofcontentscapitulo.................................................................................................................................................................................................................i introducción......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1.1 naturaleza del problema................................................................................................................................................................................6 1.2 enunciado del problema................................................................................................................................................................................7 1.3 objetivo general...............................................................................................................................................................................................9 1.3.1 objetivos específicos...................................................................................................................................................................................10 1.4 antecedentes...................................................................................................................................................................................................11 1.4.1 métodos de interpolación espacial...........................................................................................................................................................12 1.4.2 métodos geoestadísticos............................................................................................................................................................................14 1.4.3 métodos determinísticos (splines).............................................................................................................................................................17 capitulo ii...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... métodos geoestadísticos................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2.1 la teoría de variables regionalizadas............................................................................................................................................................21 2.1.1 dependencia espacial y semivariograma ...............................................................................................................................................22 2.1.2 propiedades generales del semivariograma...........................................................................................................................................23 2.1.3 suposiciones de estacionalidad................................................................................................................................................................28 2.1.4 relación entre covarianza y semivariograma..........................................................................................................................................29 2.1.5 semivariograma .........................................................................................................................................................................................31 2.1.6 semivariograma direccionales...................................................................................................................................................................32 2.2 kriging puntual................................................................................................................................................................................................34 2.2.1 deducción de las ecuaciones de kriging puntual..................................................................................................................................35 2.2.2 el sistema de kriging utilizando el semivariograma..................................................................................................................................36 2.3 cokriging........................................................................................................................................................................................................39 2.3.1 el semivariograma cruzado.......................................................................................................................................................................40 2.3.2 las ecuaciones de cokriging........................................................................................................................................................................40 2.3.3 el sistema de ecuaciones para cokriging..................................................................................................................................................44 capitulo iii................................................................................................................................................................................................................. métodos determinísticos....................................................................................................................................................................................... 3.1 interpolación mediante spline...................................................................................................................................................................... 46 3.2 funciones de base radial.................................................................................................................................................................................47 3.3 aplicación del método variacional...............................................................................................................................................................50 3.3.1 formula para el spline tps...........................................................................................................................................................................51 3.4 sistema de ecuaciones para tps....................................................................................................................................................................52 capitulo iv................................................................................................................................................................................................................ resultados............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4.1 aspectos computacionales............................................................................................................................................................................54 4.2 indicadores para evaluar la precisión de la predicción con los métodos de interpolación.................................................................57 4.3 las variables climáticas con los métodos de interpolación con los métodos de interpolación.........................................................58 4.4 exploración de los datos con los métodos de interpolación........................................................................................................................60 4.4.1 la región de estudio.................................................................................................................................................................................61 4.5 variables que se analizaron......................................................................................................................................................................62 4.5.1 transformación de variables...................................................................................................................................................................68 4.6 análisis estructural...........................................................................................................................................................................................69 4.6.1 modelación del semivariograma................................................................................................................................................................71 4.6.2 precipitación.................................................................................................................................................................................................73 4.6.3 temperatura.................................................................................................................................................................................................75 4.6.4 radiación solar...............................................................................................................................................................................................77 4.7 resultados de las .............................................................................................................................................................................................79 4.7.1 características generales del clima colombiano......................................................................................................................................80 4.7.2 resultados utilizando kriging puntual........................................................................................................................................................81 4.7.3 resultados utilizando cokriging..................................................................................................................................................................88 4.7.4 resultados utilizando spline tps................................................................................................................................................................100 4.8 conclusiones y futura investigación.............................................................................................................................................................105 apéndices.............................................................................................................................................................................................................117 bibliografía...........................................................................................................................................................................................................128spa
dc.identifier.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional UNABspa
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl:https://repository.unab.edu.cospa
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/25468
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad Ingenieríaspa
dc.publisher.grantorUniversidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNABspa
dc.publisher.programMaestría en Ciencias Computacionalesspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia*
dc.rights.localAbierto (Texto Completo)spa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/*
dc.subject.keywordsComputer sciencesspa
dc.subject.keywordsSystems engineerspa
dc.subject.keywordsWeather forecastspa
dc.subject.keywordsMathspa
dc.subject.keywordsGeologyspa
dc.subject.keywordsStatistical methodsspa
dc.subject.keywordsGeophysical predictionsspa
dc.subject.keywordsMeteorologyspa
dc.subject.keywordsInterpolation spacesspa
dc.subject.lembCiencias computacionalesspa
dc.subject.lembIngeniería de sistemasspa
dc.subject.lembPredicciones geofísicasspa
dc.subject.lembMeteorologíaspa
dc.subject.lembEspacios de interpolaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalPronóstico del tiempospa
dc.subject.proposalMatemáticasspa
dc.subject.proposalGeologíaspa
dc.subject.proposalMétodos estadísticosspa
dc.titleMétodos de geoestadística e interpolación espacial aplicados a datos climáticosspa
dc.title.translatedGeostatistics and spatial interpolation methods applied to climate dataspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.hasversioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.localTesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM

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