Desarrollo de un ciclo de conducción bajo condiciones reales en el área metropolitana de Bucaramanga

Vista sencilla de ítem
dc.contributor.advisorHuertas Cardozo, José Ignacio
dc.contributor.advisorMaradey Lázaro, Jessica Gissella
dc.contributor.authorNavarro Quintero, Silvia Juliana
dc.contributor.authorGarcía Jaimes, Ricardo Andrés
dc.contributor.cvlacMaradey Lázaro, Jessica Gissella [0000040553]spa
dc.contributor.cvlacHuertas Cardozo, José Ignacio [0000057398]spa
dc.contributor.googlescholarHuertas Cardozo, José Ignacio [es&oi=ao]spa
dc.contributor.orcidMaradey Lázaro, Jessica Gissella [0000-0003-2319-1965]spa
dc.contributor.orcidHuertas Cardozo, José Ignacio [0000-0003-4508-6453]spa
dc.contributor.researchgateMaradey Lázaro, Jessica Gissella [profile/Jessica-Maradey-Lazaro]spa
dc.coverage.campusUNAB Campus Bucaramangaspa
dc.coverage.spatialColombiaspa
dc.date.accessioned2021-12-06T13:50:40Z
dc.date.available2021-12-06T13:50:40Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.degree.nameIngeniero Mecatrónicospa
dc.description.abstractEste estudio presenta el ciclo de conducción construido en el área metropolitana de Bucaramanga. Para construir el ciclo de conducción se utilizó una base de datos de velocidad, RPM y consumo de combustible, se obtuvo monitoreando segundo a segundo la operación de 10 vehículos ligeros en condiciones reales en las ciudades de Bucaramanga, Floridablanca, Girón y Piedecuesta durante siete meses. Los datos de velocidad con respecto al tiempo de la base de datos definen el patrón de conducción en el área metropolitana de Bucaramanga, se definieron 18 parámetros característicos que describen variables de velocidad, aceleración, modos de operación, dinámicas y consumo de combustible. Para observar las tendencias de los resultados se repitió el proceso 1000 veces y se obtuvieron la diferencia relativa promedio (ARD) y el rango intercuartílico (IQR) de las diferencias para cada parámetro característico. El método usado fue Micro viajes – basado en combustible (Microtrips Fuel Based Method- MTFBM), donde los criterios de evaluación son el consumo específico de combustible (SFC), la velocidad promedio y el porcentaje de tiempo en ralentí. Se obtuvieron 3072 micro viajes de los 222 viajes registrados en la base de datos.spa
dc.description.abstractenglishThis study presents the driving cycle built in the metropolitan area of ​​Bucaramanga. To build the driving cycle, speed, RPM and fuel consumption database was used, it was obtained by monitoring second by second the operation of 10 light vehicles in real conditions in the cities of Bucaramanga, Floridablanca, Girón and Piedecuesta for seven months. The speed data with respect to time from the database define the driving pattern in the metropolitan area of ​​Bucaramanga, 18 characteristic parameters were defined that describe variables of speed, acceleration, operating modes, dynamics, and fuel consumption. To observe the trends of the results, the process was repeated 1000 times and the average relative difference (ARD) and the interquartile range (IQR) of the differences for each characteristic parameter were obtained. Fuel Based Method- MTFBM), where the evaluation criteria are the specific fuel consumption (SFC), the average speed and the percentage of time at idle. 3072 micro trips were obtained from the 222 trips registered in the database.spa
dc.description.degreelevelPregradospa
dc.description.learningmodalityModalidad Presencialspa
dc.description.tableofcontents1. INTRODUCCIÓN .............................................................................................. 9 2. ESTADO DEL ARTE ....................................................................................... 12 3. MARCO TEÓRICO .......................................................................................... 18 3.1. CICLO DE CONDUCCIÓN .......................................................................... 18 3.2. PATRÓN DE CONDUCCIÓN ....................................................................... 19 3.3. TIPOS DE CICLOS DE CONDUCCIÓN ...................................................... 19 3.4. TÉCNICAS PARA LA ADQUISICIÓN DE DATOS ....................................... 20 3.5. METODOLOGÍAS PARA EL DESARROLLO DE CICLOS DE CONDUCCIÓN 20 4. OBJETIVOS .................................................................................................... 24 4.2. OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS ........................................................................... 24 5. METODOLOGÍA Y DESARROLLO ................................................................. 25 5.1. VEHÍCULOS ................................................................................................ 25 5.2. REGIÓN DE ESTUDIO ................................................................................ 26 5.3. INSTRUMENTACIÓN .................................................................................. 27 5.4. TOMA DE DATOS ....................................................................................... 28 5.5. PARÁMETROS CARACTERÍSTICOS ......................................................... 31 5.6. BASE DE DATOS ........................................................................................ 39 5.7. CONSTRUCCIÓN DEL CICLO .................................................................... 46 6. RESULTADOS OBTENIDOS .......................................................................... 51 6.1. CICLO DE CONDUCCIÓN .......................................................................... 51 6.2. PARÁMETROS CARACTERÍSTICOS – DIFERENCIAS RELATIVAS. ....... 52 6.3. GRÁFICAS SAPD Y VSP ............................................................................... 55 6.3.1. SAPD ........................................................................................................... 55 6.3.2. VSP .............................................................................................................. 58 6.4. COMPARACIÓN .......................................................................................... 60 6.4.1. COMPARACIÓN DE PARÁMETROS CARACTERÍSTICOS .................... 60 6.4.2. COMPARACIÓN SAPD/SAFD ................................................................. 62 6.5. INTERFAZ PARA VISUALIZAR RESULTADOS. ......................................... 63 7. CONCLUSIONES ............................................................................................ 70 8. RECOMENDACIONES ................................................................................... 71 9. TRABAJO FUTURO ........................................................................................ 72 10. REFERENCIAS ............................................................................................ 72 11. ANEXOS ...................................................................................................... 79 ANEXO 1. CÓDIGO MATLAB ................................................................................ 79 9.2. BASE DE DATOS ........................................................................................... 94 9.3. ARTÍCULO CIENTÍFICO ................................................................................ 94spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameinstname:Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNABspa
dc.identifier.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional UNABspa
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl:https://repository.unab.edu.cospa
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/15102
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad Ingenieríaspa
dc.publisher.grantorUniversidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNABspa
dc.publisher.programPregrado Ingeniería Mecatrónicaspa
dc.relation.references[1]. X. Zhao, Q. Yu, J. Ma, Y. Wu, M. Yu, and Y. Ye, “Development of a representative EV urban driving cycle based on a k-Means and SVM hybrid clustering algorithm,” J. Adv. Transp., vol. 2018, 2018, doi: 10.1155/2018/1890753spa
dc.relation.references[2]. J. Zhang, Z. Wang, P. Liu, Z. Zhang, X. Li, and C. Qu, “Driving cycles construction for electric vehicles considering road environment: A case study in Beijing,” Appl. Energy, vol. 253, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113514.spa
dc.relation.references[3]. P. Yuhui, Z. Yuan, and Y. Huibao, “Development of a representative driving cycle for urban buses based on the K-means cluster method,” Cluster Comput., vol. 22, pp. 6871–6880, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s10586-017-1673-y.spa
dc.relation.references[4]. Y. Yang et al., “Development and emissions performance analysis of local driving cycle for small-sized passenger cars in Nanjing, China,” Atmos. Pollut. Res., vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 1514–1523, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.apr.2019.04.009.spa
dc.relation.references[5]. Z. Wang, J. Zhang, P. Liu, C. Qu, and X. Li, “Driving cycle construction for electric vehicles based on Markov chain and Monte Carlo method: A case study in Beijing,” in Energy Procedia, 2019, vol. 158, pp. 2494–2499, doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.389spa
dc.relation.references[6]. R. Tharvin et al., “Development of Driving Cycle for Passenger Car under Real World Driving Conditions in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/429/1/012047spa
dc.relation.references[7]. P. Shen, Z. Zhao, J. Li, and X. Zhan, “Development of a typical driving cycle for an intra-city hybrid electric bus with a fixed route,” Transp. Res. Part D Transp. Environ., vol. 59, pp. 346–360, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.trd.2018.01.032spa
dc.relation.references[8]. L. F. Quirama, M. Giraldo, J. I. Huertas, and M. Jaller, “Driving cycles that reproduce driving patterns, energy consumptions and tailpipe emissions,” Transp. Res. Part D Transp. Environ., vol. 82, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.trd.2020.102294.spa
dc.relation.references[9]. M. A. Pouresmaeili, I. Aghayan, and S. A. Taghizadeh, “Development of Mashhad driving cycle for passenger car to model vehicle exhaust emissions calibrated using on-board measurements,” Sustain. Cities Soc., vol. 36, pp. 12–20, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2017.09.034spa
dc.relation.references[10]. Y.-L. T. Nguyen, T.-D. Nghiem, A.-T. Le, and N.-D. Bui, “Development of the typical driving cycle for buses in Hanoi, Vietnam,” J. Air Waste Manag. Assoc., vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 423–437, 2019, doi: 10.1080/10962247.2018.1543736.spa
dc.relation.references[11]. S. Mongkonlerdmanee and S. Koetniyom, “Development of a realistic driving cycle using time series clustering technique for buses: Thailand case study,” Eng. J., vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 49–65, 2019, doi: 10.4186/ej.2019.23.4.49spa
dc.relation.references[12]. S. K. Mayakuntla and A. Verma, “A novel methodology for construction of driving cycles for Indian cities,” Transp. Res. Part D Transp. Environ., vol. 65, pp. 725–735, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.trd.2018.10.013spa
dc.relation.references[13]. T. Koossalapeerom, T. Satiennam, W. Satiennam, W. Leelapatra, A. Seedam, and T. Rakpukdee, “Comparative study of real-world driving cycles, energy consumption, and CO<inf>2</inf> emissions of electric and gasoline motorcycles driving in a congested urban corridor,” Sustain. Cities Soc., vol. 45, pp. 619–627, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2018.12.03spa
dc.relation.references[14]. J. I. Huertas, L. F. Quirama, M. D. Giraldo, and J. Díaz, “Comparison of driving cycles obtained by the micro-trips, markov-chains and mwd-cp methods,” Int. J. Sustain. Energy Plan. Manag., vol. 22, pp. 109–120, 2019, doi: 10.5278/ijsepm.2554spa
dc.relation.references[15]. J. I. Huertas, L. F. Quirama, M. Giraldo, and J. Díaz, “Comparison of three methodologies for driving cycles construction,” 2018spa
dc.relation.references[16]. J. I. Huertas, M. Giraldo, L. F. Quirama, and J. Díaz, “Driving cycles based on fuel consumption,” Energies, vol. 11, no. 11, 2018, doi: 10.3390/en11113064.spa
dc.relation.references[17]. J. I. Huertas, J. Díaz, D. Cordero, and K. Cedillo, “A new methodology to determine typical driving cycles for the design of vehicles power trains,” Int. J. Interact. Des. Manuf., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 319–326, 2018, doi: 10.1007/s12008-017-0379-y.spa
dc.relation.references[18]. Geetha and C. Subramani, “Development of driving cycle under real world traffic conditions: A case study,” Int. J. Electr. Comput. Eng., vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 4798–4803, 2019, doi: 10.11591/ijece.v9i6.pp4798-4803spa
dc.relation.references[19]. N. H. Arun, S. Mahesh, G. Ramadurai, and S. M. Shiva Nagendra, “Development of driving cycles for passenger cars and motorcycles in Chennai, India,” Sustain. Cities Soc., vol. 32, pp. 508–512, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2017.05.001spa
dc.relation.references[20]. N. Anida, I. S. Ismail, J. S. Norbakyah, W. H. Atiq, and A. R. Salisa, “Characterisation and development of driving cycle for work route in Kuala Terengganu,” Int. J. Automot. Mech. Eng., vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 4508–4517, 2017, doi: 10.15282/ijame.14.3.2017.9.0356spa
dc.relation.references[21]. H. Y. Tong and W. T. Hung, “A framework for developing driving cycles with on-road driving data,” Transp. Rev., vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 589–615, 2010, doi: 10.1080/01441640903286134spa
dc.relation.references[22]. V. C. Magaña, “Eco-driving: ahorro de energía basado en el comportamiento del conductor,” Carlos III Madrid, 2014spa
dc.relation.references[23]. L. A. Giraldo Amaya, “Estimación del inventario de emisiones de fuentes móviles para la ciudad de Bogotá e identificación de variables pertinentes.” Bogotá-Uniandes, 2006spa
dc.relation.references[24]. A. H. Gomez, “Desarrollo de ciclos de conducción para el área metropolitana Centro Occidente-AMCO.” Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica …, 2014spa
dc.relation.references[25]. A. H. Restrepo, Y. A. Carranza, and J. E. Tibaquira, “Diseño y aplicación de una metodología para determinar ciclos de conducción vehicular en la ciudad de Pereira,” Sci. Tech., vol. 1, no. 37, 2007spa
dc.relation.references[26]. A. H. Restrepo, S. Izquierdo, and R. A. López, “Estimación de factores que inciden sobre la contaminación ambiental generada por fuentes móviles en pereira,” Sci. Tech., vol. 1, no. 37, 2007spa
dc.relation.references[27]. A. Valdez Aguilera “Desarrollo de Ciclos de Conducción Vehicular en el Municipio de Naucalpan-Edición Única.” Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2004, [Online]. Available: http://hdl.handle.net/11285/572354. 2004spa
dc.relation.references[28]. F. D. E. U. N. P. DE CARRERAS, C. PETROL, B. E. I. M. ESPAÑA, P. J. C. TIPÁN, M. D. E. L. Z. LÓPEZ, and I. N. G. I. BENAVIDES, “TRABAJO DE TITULACIÓN, PREVIO A LA OBTENCIÓN DEL TÍTULO DE INGENIERA EN FINANZAS Y AUDITORÍA.”spa
dc.relation.references[29]. Q. Shi, B. Liu, Q. Guan, L. He, and D. Qiu, “A genetic ant colony algorithm-based driving cycle generation approach for testing driving range of battery electric vehicle,” Adv. Mech. Eng., vol. 12, no. 1, 2020, doi: 10.1177/1687814019901054. [spa
dc.relation.references[30]. Y. Peng, Y. Zhuang, and Y. Yang, “A driving cycle construction methodology combining k-means clustering and Markov model for urban mixed roads,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng., vol. 234, no. 2–3, pp. 714–724, 2020, doi: 10.1177/0954407019848873spa
dc.relation.references[31]. X. Zheng et al., “Real-world fuel consumption of light-duty passenger vehicles using on-board diagnostic (OBD) systems,” Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., vol. 14, no. 2, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1212-6spa
dc.relation.references[32]. Chauhan, B. P., Joshi, G. J., & Purnima, P. (2020). Candidate Driving Cycle Construction for Emission Estimation. In Transportation Research (pp. 85-97). Springer, Singaporespa
dc.relation.references[33]. Zhang, H., & Yao, Y. G. (2019). Construction of a Light-duty Vehicle Driving Cycle Based on Urban Road. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development (English Edition), 13(4), 95-101spa
dc.relation.references[34]. Tong, H. Y., Tung, H. D., Hung, W. T., & Nguyen, H. V. (2011). Development of driving cycles for motorcycles and light-duty vehicles in Vietnam. Atmospheric Environment, 45(29), 5191-5199spa
dc.relation.references[35]. Lai, J., Yu, L., Song, G., Guo, P., & Chen, X. (2013). Development of cityspecific driving cycles for transit buses based on VSP distributions: Case of Beijing. Journal of transportation engineering, 139(7), 749-757spa
dc.relation.references[36]. Tzirakis, E., & Zannikos, F. (2015). Development of processing methodologies used to form complete driving-cycle dynamometer tests based on urban on-road driving and road gradient data. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 229(1), 97-110.spa
dc.relation.references[37]. Hwa, M. Y., & Yu, T. Y. (2014). Development of real-world driving cycles and estimation of emission factors for in-use light-duty gasoline vehicles in urban areas. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 186(7), 3985-3994.spa
dc.relation.references[38]. Zhao, X., Ma, J., Wang, S., Ye, Y., Wu, Y., & Yu, M. (2019). Developing an electric vehicle urban driving cycle to study differences in energy consumption. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(14), 13839-13853spa
dc.relation.references[39]. Ho, S. H., Wong, Y. D., & Chang, V. W. C. (2014). Developing Singapore Driving Cycle for passenger cars to estimate fuel consumption and vehicular emissions. Atmospheric environment, 97, 353-362spa
dc.relation.references[40]. Wu, X., Hu, C., & Du, J. (2015). Development of a driving cycle for city bus in Harbin of China. International Journal of Electric and Hybrid Vehicles, 7(2), 104-119spa
dc.relation.references[41]. Seers, P., Nachin, G., & Glaus, M. (2015). Development of two driving cycles for utility vehicles. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 41, 377-385.spa
dc.relation.references[42]. Brady, J., & O’Mahony, M. (2016). Development of a driving cycle to evaluate the energy economy of electric vehicles in urban areas. Applied energy, 177, 165-178.spa
dc.relation.references[43]. Berzi, L., Delogu, M., & Pierini, M. (2016). Development of driving cycles for electric vehicles in the context of the city of Florence. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 47, 299-322spa
dc.relation.references[44]. Yang, Y., Zhang, Q., Wang, Z., Chen, Z., & Cai, X. (2018). Markov chainbased approach of the driving cycle development for electric vehicle application. Energy Procedia, 152, 502-507spa
dc.relation.references[45]. Mahayadin, A. R., Ibrahim, I., Zunaidi, I., Shahriman, A. B., Faizi, M. K., Sahari, M., ... & Rani, M. F. H. (2018, August). Development of Driving Cycle Construction Methodology in Malaysia's Urban Road System. In 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications (ICASSDA) (pp. 1-5). IEEspa
dc.relation.references[46]. Anida, I. N., & Salisa, A. R. (2019). Driving cycle development for Kuala Terengganu city using k-means method. International Journal of Electrical & Computer Engineering (2088-8708), 9(3).spa
dc.relation.references[47]. Anida, I. N., Norbakyah, J. S., Zulfadli, M., Norainiza, M. H., & Salisa, A. R. (2019). Driving cycle development of BAS KITe in Kuala Terengganu city to optimize the energy consumption and emissions. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 469, No. 1, p. 012112). IOP Publishingspa
dc.relation.references[48]. Kaymaz, H., Korkmaz, H., & Erdal, H. (2019). Development of a driving cycle for Istanbul bus rapid transit based on real-world data using stratified sampling method. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 75, 123-135spa
dc.relation.references[49]. Zhao, X., Ye, Y., Ma, J., Shi, P., & Chen, H. (2020). Construction of electric vehicle driving cycle for studying electric vehicle energy consumption and equivalent emissions. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 1- 15.spa
dc.relation.references[50]. M. F. Mohd Suhaimi, N. A. Mohd Salleh, D. T. M. Madani Sahari, and M. S. Sarip, “Development of Kuala Lumpur driving cycle for the estimation of fuel consumption and vehicular emission,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020, vol. 834, no. 1, doi: 10.1088/1757- 899X/834/1/012040spa
dc.relation.references[51]. Maamria, D., Gillet, K., Colin, G., Chamaillard, Y., & Nouillant, C. (2019). Optimal Predictive Eco-Driving Cycles for Conventional, Electric, and Hybrid Electric Cars. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 68(7), 6320-6330spa
dc.relation.references[52]. De Haan, P., & Keller, M. (2004). Modelling fuel consumption and pollutant emissions based on real-world driving patterns: the HBEFA approach. International journal of environment and pollution, 22(3), 240-25spa
dc.relation.references[53]. Yu, L., Wang, Z., Qiao, F., & Qi, Y. (2008). Approach to Development and Evaluation of Driving Cycles for Classified Roads Based on Vehicle Emission Characteristics. Transportation Research Record, 2058(1), 58–67spa
dc.relation.references[54]. Sawyer, R. F., R. A. Harley, S. H. Cadle, J. M. Norbeck, R. Slott, H. A. Bravo, K. L. Schere, G. M. Hidy, and H. B. Singh. Mobile Sources Critical Review: 1998 NARSTO Assessment. Journal of Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 34, No. 12–14, 2000, pp. 2161–2181.spa
dc.relation.references[55]. Jiménez-Palacios, J. L. Understanding and Quantifying Motor Vehicle Emissions with Vehicle Specific Power and TILDAS Remote Sensing. PhD dissertation. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass., Feb. 1999. http://cires.colorado.edu/jimenez/Papers/Jimenez_ PhD_Thesis.pdf. Accessed May 16, 2007spa
dc.relation.references56]. Bluett, Jeff & Kuschel, Gerda & Rijkenberg, Micha & Shrestha, Kreepa. (2021). Are the harmful emissions from New Zealand's light duty vehicle fleet improving? May 2011spa
dc.relation.references[57]. Hung, W. T., Tong, H. Y., Lee, C. P., Ha, K. and Pao, L. Y. (2007) Development of a practical driving cycle construction methodology: a case study in Hong Kong, Transportation Research D, 12,pp. 115–128spa
dc.relation.references[58]. Ogata, K. (1996). Sistemas De Control En Tiempo Discreto (1a. ed.). México: Prentice Hall Hispanoamericanaspa
dc.relation.references[59]. Nutramon, T., & Supachart, C. (2009). Influence of driving cycles on exhaust emissions and fuel consumption of gasoline passenger car in Bangkok. Journal of environmental sciences, 21(5), 604-611spa
dc.relation.references[60]. Gong, Q., Midlam-Mohler, S., Marano, V., & Rizzoni, G. (2011). An iterative markov chain approach for generating vehicle driving cycles. SAE International Journal of Engines, 4(1), 1035-1045spa
dc.relation.references[61]. Shi, S., Lin, N., Zhang, Y., Cheng, J., Huang, C., Liu, L., & Lu, B. (2016). Research on Markov property analysis of driving cycles and its application. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 47, 171-181spa
dc.relation.references[62] Bishop, J. D., Axon, C. J., & McCulloch, M. D. (2012). A robust, data- driven methodology for real-world driving cycle development. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 17(5), 389-397.spa
dc.relation.references[63] Xiao, Z., Dui-Jia, Z., & Jun-Min, S. (2012). A synthesis of methodologies and practices for developing driving cycles. Energy Procedia, 16, 1868-1873spa
dc.relation.references[64] R. Huang, C. Cui, W. Sun and D. Towey, "Poster: Is Euclidean Distance the best Distance Measurement for Adaptive Random Testing?," 2020 IEEE 13th International Conference on Software Testing, Validation and Verification (ICST), 2020, pp. 406-409, doi: 10.1109/ICST46399.2020.00049.spa
dc.relation.references[65] León, C. M. (2019). Estimación del consumo de combustible mediante la determinación de ciclos de conducción representativos en Bucaramanga, Santander. Recuperado de: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/7051spa
dc.relation.references[66] Velleman, P.F., and D.C. Hoaglin. Applications, Basics, and Computing of Exploratory Data Analysis. Pacific Grove, CA: Duxbury Press, 1981spa
dc.relation.references[67] Quinde Medina, D. D. (2020). Estimación de emisiones de CO2 en taxis con cilindrada de 1400cc bajo parámetros de conducción normal en la ciudad de Cuenca, utilizando el modelo IVE (Master's thesis, Universidad del Azuay).spa
dc.relation.references[68] Nouri, P., & Morency, C. (2017). Evaluating microtrip definitions for developing driving cycles. Transportation Research Record, 2627(1), 86-92spa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia*
dc.rights.localAbierto (Texto Completo)spa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/*
dc.subject.keywordsMechatronicspa
dc.subject.keywordsDriving cyclespa
dc.subject.keywordsFuel consumptionspa
dc.subject.keywordsSpeed ​​dataspa
dc.subject.keywordsAutomotive fleetspa
dc.subject.keywordsDrivingspa
dc.subject.keywordsAutomobilesspa
dc.subject.keywordsRoad safetyspa
dc.subject.keywordsMonitoringspa
dc.subject.lembMecatrónicaspa
dc.subject.lembConducciónspa
dc.subject.lembAutomóvilesspa
dc.subject.lembSeguridad vialspa
dc.subject.lembMonitoreospa
dc.subject.proposalCiclo de conducciónspa
dc.subject.proposalConsumo de combustiblespa
dc.subject.proposalDatos de velocidadspa
dc.subject.proposalParque automotorspa
dc.titleDesarrollo de un ciclo de conducción bajo condiciones reales en el área metropolitana de Bucaramangaspa
dc.title.translatedDevelopment of a driving cycle under real conditions in the metropolitan area of ​​Bucaramangaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.hasversioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.localTrabajo de Gradospa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TP

Archivos

Bloque original

Mostrando 1 - 2 de 2
Miniatura
Nombre:
2021_Tesis_Silvia_Juliana_Navarro_Quintero.pdf
Tamaño:
3.89 MB
Formato:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Descripción:
Tesis
Descargar
Miniatura
Nombre:
2021_Licencia_Silvia_Juliana_Navarro_Quintero.pdf
Tamaño:
188.19 KB
Formato:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Descripción:
Licencia
Descargar

Bloque de licencias

Mostrando 1 - 1 de 1
Miniatura
Nombre:
license.txt
Tamaño:
829 B
Formato:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Descripción:
Descargar

Colecciones

Pregrado Ingeniería Mecatrónica