Capacidad predictiva de la fracción exhalada de óxido nítrico para el control del asma en adultos

dc.contributor.advisorCano Rosales, Diana Jimena
dc.contributor.advisorOchoa Vera, Miguel Enrique
dc.contributor.advisorLuna González, María Lucrecia
dc.contributor.apolounabOchoa Vera, Miguel Enrique [miguel-enrique-ochoa-vera]spa
dc.contributor.apolounabLuna González, María Lucrecia [maría-lucrecia-luna-gonzález]spa
dc.contributor.authorChacón Manosalva, María Angélica
dc.contributor.cvlacOchoa Vera, Miguel Enrique [898465]spa
dc.contributor.cvlacLuna González, María Lucrecia [0001347422]spa
dc.contributor.googlescholarLuna González, María Lucrecia [pLIVNZYAAAAJ]spa
dc.contributor.linkedinOchoa Vera, Miguel Enrique [miguel-enrique-ochoa-vera-ab1468100/]spa
dc.contributor.linkedinLuna González, María Lucrecia [maria-lucrecia-luna-gonzalez]spa
dc.contributor.orcidChacón Manosalva, María Angélica [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9835-5624]spa
dc.contributor.orcidOchoa Vera, Miguel Enrique [0000-0002-4552-3388]spa
dc.contributor.orcidLuna González, María Lucrecia [0000-0003-2846-6868]spa
dc.contributor.researchgateChacón Manosalva, María Angélica [Maria-Chacon-Manosalva]spa
dc.contributor.researchgateOchoa Vera, Miguel Enrique [Miguel_Ochoa7]spa
dc.contributor.scopusOchoa Vera, Miguel Enrique [36987156500]spa
dc.contributor.scopusLuna González, María Lucrecia [57216524897]spa
dc.coverage.campusUNAB Campus Bucaramangaspa
dc.coverage.spatialColombiaspa
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-02T14:50:44Z
dc.date.available2025-07-02T14:50:44Z
dc.date.issued2025-06-26
dc.degree.nameEspecialista en Medicina Internaspa
dc.description.abstractIntroducción: La Fracción Exhalada de Óxido Nítrico (FeNO) ha sido propuesta como biomarcador no invasivo de inflamación eosinofílica, pero su utilidad diagnóstica para predecir el control del asma sigue siendo debatida. Objetivo: Evaluar la capacidad predictiva de la FeNO para identificar el control clínico del asma en adultos basado en el Asthma Control Test (ACT). Metodología: Estudio de prueba diagnóstica a partir de una base de datos de pacientes adultos con asma atendidos entre 2021 y 2024. Se incluyeron pacientes ≥18 años con diagnóstico de asma y datos simultáneos de ACT y FeNO. Se evaluó la capacidad diagnóstica de la FeNO para identificar el control del asma (ACT ≥20), mediante estimaciones de sensibilidad, especificidad, razones de verosimilitud y AUC-ROC. Análisis en STATA v14.0 (α = 0,05). Aprobación del comité de ética: CIE-072-2024. Resultados: Se incluyeron 401 pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de asma, de los cuales el 67% presentaba asma no controlada según el ACT. No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los niveles de FeNO entre los grupos con y sin control clínico del asma, independientemente del punto de corte utilizado (40 ppb: 32,8% vs. 37,5%, p = 0,363; 50 ppb: 23,9% vs. 29,6%, p = 0,228). La correlación entre FeNO y la puntuación ACT fue muy baja y no significativa (r = 0,01; p = 0,83), con un bajo poder discriminativo (AUC = 0,52). En cambio, se identificó una correlación positiva y significativa entre niveles elevados de FeNO y marcadores de inflamación tipo 2, como eosinofilia periférica (r = 0,19; p = 0,0085) e hiperreactividad bronquial (r = 0,18; p = 0,0003). Conclusión: La FeNO no demostró utilidad como marcador del control clínico del asma medido por el ACT, debido a su bajo rendimiento discriminativo. No obstante, si se evidenció una asociación con la eosinofilia periférica y la hiperreactividad bronquial.spa
dc.description.abstractenglishIntroduction: Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) has been proposed as a non- invasive biomarker of eosinophilic inflammation, but its diagnostic utility in predicting asthma control remains controversial. Objective: To evaluate the predictive capacity of FeNO to identify clinical asthma control in adults, based on the Asthma Control Test (ACT). Methodology: A diagnostic test study was conducted using a database of adult asthma patients seen between 2021 and 2024. Individuals aged ≥18 years with a clinical or functional diagnosis of asthma and simultaneous FeNO and ACT measurements were included. The diagnostic performance of FeNO in detecting asthma control (defined as ACT ≥20) was assessed through sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and area under the ROC curve (AUC), using STATA v14.0 (α = 0.05). Ethics Committee Approval: CIE-072-2024. Results: A total of 401 adults with asthma were included, of whom 67% were classified as having uncontrolled asthma according to the ACT. No statistically significant differences in FeNO levels were found between patients with and without asthma control, regardless of the cutoff point used (40 ppb: 32.8% vs. 37.5%, p = 0.363; 50 ppb: 23.9% vs. 29.6%, p = 0.228). The correlation between FeNO and ACT scores was negligible and not statistically significant (r = 0.01; p = 0.83), with low discriminatory ability (AUC = 0.52). Nonetheless, a significant positive correlation was observed between elevated FeNO levels and markers of type 2 inflammation, such as peripheral eosinophilia (r = 0.19; p = 0.0085) and bronchial hyperreactivity (r = 0.18; p = 0.0003). Conclusion: FeNO showed limited utility as a marker of clinical asthma control as assessed by the ACT, due to its poor discriminatory capacity. However, it was significantly associated with indicators of type 2 inflammation, such as peripheral eosinophilia and bronchial hyperreactivity.spa
dc.description.degreelevelEspecializaciónspa
dc.description.learningmodalityModalidad Presencialspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsResumen ................................................................................................................................. 8 Abstract ................................................................................................................................... 9 Planteamiento del Problema y Justificación..........................................................................10 Marco teórico......................................................................................................................... 11 Estado del arte ...................................................................................................................... 16 Pregunta de investigación ..................................................................................................... 20 Objetivos................................................................................................................................ 20 General .............................................................................................................................. 20 Específicos......................................................................................................................... 20 Metodología ........................................................................................................................... 20 Tipo de estudio .................................................................................................................. 20 Población ........................................................................................................................... 21 Criterios de inclusión.......................................................................................................... 21 Criterios de exclusión......................................................................................................... 21 Tamaño de muestra........................................................................................................... 21 Recolección de la información...........................................................................................22 Variables ............................................................................................................................ 22 Definiciones del Estudio..................................................................................................... 22 Plan de análisis de datos...................................................................................................23 Consideraciones éticas...................................................................................................... 23 Resultados............................................................................................................................. 25 Discusión ............................................................................................................................... 33 Conclusión............................................................................................................................. 39 Referencias ........................................................................................................................... 41 Anexos................................................................................................................................... 47spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameinstname:Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNABspa
dc.identifier.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional UNABspa
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl:https://repository.unab.edu.cospa
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/30115
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad Ciencias de la Saludspa
dc.publisher.grantorUniversidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNABspa
dc.publisher.programEspecialización en Medicina Internaspa
dc.publisher.programidEMIN-1050
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dc.relation.uriapolohttps://apolo.unab.edu.co/en/persons/miguel-enrique-ochoa-veraspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia*
dc.rights.localAbierto (Texto Completo)spa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/*
dc.subject.keywordsInternal medicinespa
dc.subject.keywordsMedicinespa
dc.subject.keywordsMedical sciencesspa
dc.subject.keywordsHealth sciencesspa
dc.subject.keywordsAsthmaspa
dc.subject.keywordsBiomarkersspa
dc.subject.keywordsFractional exhaled nitric oxidespa
dc.subject.keywordsValuation studyspa
dc.subject.keywordsLungs (Obstructive diseases)spa
dc.subject.keywordsDemographyspa
dc.subject.keywordsBronchi (Diseases)spa
dc.subject.keywordsNeurotransmittersspa
dc.subject.lembMedicina internaspa
dc.subject.lembMedicinaspa
dc.subject.lembCiencias médicasspa
dc.subject.lembPulmones (Enfermedades obstructivas)spa
dc.subject.lembDemografíaspa
dc.subject.lembBronquios (Enfermedades)spa
dc.subject.lembNeurotransmisoresspa
dc.subject.proposalCiencias de la saludspa
dc.subject.proposalAsmaspa
dc.subject.proposalBiomarcadoresspa
dc.subject.proposalPrueba de óxido nítrico exhalado fraccionadospa
dc.subject.proposalEstudios de evaluación como asuntospa
dc.titleCapacidad predictiva de la fracción exhalada de óxido nítrico para el control del asma en adultosspa
dc.title.translatedPredictive Capacity of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide for Asthma Control in Adultsspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.hasversioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.localTesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM

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