Validez de criterio de los hallazgos gammagráficos en manos para diagnóstico de osteoartritis en población adulta

dc.contributor.advisorMorales Avellaneda, Tatiana
dc.contributor.advisorSaaibi Solano, Diego Luis
dc.contributor.advisorOchoa Vera, Miguel Enrique
dc.contributor.apolounabMorales Avellaneda, Tatiana [tatiana-morales-avellaneda]spa
dc.contributor.apolounabSaaibi Solano, Diego Luis [diego-luis-saaibi-solano]spa
dc.contributor.apolounabOchoa Vera, Miguel Enrique [miguel-enrique-ochoa-vera]spa
dc.contributor.authorDíaz Contreras, Indira Eliana
dc.contributor.cvlacMorales Avellaneda, Tatiana [0000152758]spa
dc.contributor.cvlacSaaibi Solano, Diego Luis [0001362430]spa
dc.contributor.cvlacOchoa Vera, Miguel Enrique [0000898465]spa
dc.contributor.orcidMorales Avellaneda, Tatiana [0000-0001-6250-8801]spa
dc.contributor.orcidSaaibi Solano, Diego Luis [0000-0002-4880-7108]spa
dc.coverage.campusUNAB Campus Bucaramangaspa
dc.coverage.spatialColombiaspa
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-19T13:33:53Z
dc.date.available2024-01-19T13:33:53Z
dc.date.issued2023-12-12
dc.degree.nameEspecialista en Medicina Nuclearspa
dc.description.abstractLa osteoartritis (OA, Por sus siglas en inglés), es uno de los trastornos articulares más debilitantes del mundo, y afecta hasta al 10% de los hombres y al 13% de las mujeres (1). En las sociedades occidentales, se espera que la prevalencia de la OA aumente debido al envejecimiento de la población (1). Es una enfermedad que genera dolor y discapacidad en los adultos con un importante impacto socioeconómico tanto dentro como fuera de nuestro país (2). Es una artropatía degenerativa, inflamatoria y crónica en la que influyen factores estresantes, factores de riesgo, hormonales, ambientales y genéticos, que pueden predisponer a un individuo a desarrollar OA en una articulación en particular. Afecta a los tejidos articulares incluyendo cartílago, hueso subcondral y la membrana sinovial. Este trastorno es consecuencia del catabolismo progresivo de los componentes de la matriz del cartílago articular, provocado por un desequilibrio entre la síntesis y la degradación bioquímica del cartílago articular en las articulaciones sinoviales; y cualquier articulación en el cuerpo puede verse afectada, sin embargo, la OA es más frecuente en las articulaciones que soportan peso, como las rodillas, las caderas, la columna vertebral y las manos. La artrosis de la mano y la muñeca cobra una mayor importancia dado que produce una discapacidad equivalente a la causada por enfermedades cardiacas, y mayor que cualquier otra patología en personas de avanzada edad. En la mano y la muñeca, el sitio más común de la OA, es la base del pulgar (Articulación trapecio-metacarpiano (TMC) o primera articulación carpo-metacarpiana (CMC I) (3). En el caso de las mujeres postmenopáusicas se presenta más comúnmente en las articulaciones interfalángicas distales y proximales (4). La radiografía ha sido un método sensible para la evaluación de la progresión digital de la OA evidenciando con cambios radiográficos indicativos como: (estrechamiento del espacio articular, osteofitos, formación de quistes, esclerosis) en hasta el 81% de la población anciana, sin embargo, no es capaz de detectar los cambios estructurales o bioquímicos de la OA, de forma frecuente los únicos hallazgos son los síntomas iniciales del paciente. La OA digital se asocia a brotes dolorosos ocasionales y durante varios años puede ser asintomática, que no se pueden predecir mediante la radiografía (5). Se ha sugerido que la Gammagrafía Ósea (GO) con Tecnecio 99m Metileno Difosfonato (99mTc–MDP) es un método sensible para detectar OA en una etapa temprana y la retención de isótopos alrededor de la mano o la rodilla se ha correlacionado con la progresión radiográfica posterior de OA (6,7). Es un estudio que no hace parte de la evaluación inicial de la enfermedad osteoarticular, pero su alta sensibilidad, permite detectar cambios estructurales previos, además es reproducible y tiene un valor predictivo negativo superior al 90%, permitiendo discriminar el origen del dolor si es proveniente de tejidos blandos u hueso. Esto es debido a que el radiofármaco alcanza el hueso a través de la circulación sanguínea y se une al cristal de hidroxiapatita con alta afinidad, permitiendo evaluar de manera indirecta la actividad osteoblástica (8). La gammagrafía ósea de las manos y las muñecas representa una importante técnica de imagen adjunta que complementa el examen radiográfico. El uso de la gammagrafía ósea trifásica proporciona información clínica no solo con respecto a la captación ósea, sino también el flujo sanguíneo y la distribución extravascular del radio trazador. En la literatura existen estudios antiguos y limitados, donde se correlaciona la gammagrafía ósea en pacientes con osteoartritis, sin embargo, no son reproducibles dado por el tamaño de la muestra, por el tiempo de observación y por no existir una correlación conjunta ni clínica ni imagenológica, sin embargo, durante muchos años, se ha enfatizado que la GO que utiliza compuestos de fosfonato de 99mTc tiene una alta sensibilidad, pero baja especificidad para la detección de enfermedades óseas y articulares, y se sugiere que es una herramienta que permite detectar cambios estructurales iniciales (6,7). Actualmente, hemos evidenciado que la detección accidental de cambios artríticos en una gammagrafía ósea es un hallazgo común que a menudo no se informa y se considera de poca importancia en el contexto clínico del estudio. Nuestra propuesta es realizar el primer estudio a nivel mundial evaluando los cambios tempranos de la OA, a partir de un estudio funcional y correlacionarlo con clínica e imágenes radiográficas, y de esta forma contribuir en el diagnóstico inicial para disminuir las limitaciones funcionales propias de la enfermedad y mejorar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud.spa
dc.description.abstractenglishOsteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most debilitating joint disorders in the world, affecting up to 10% of men and 13% of women (1). In Western societies, the prevalence of OA is expected to increase due to population aging (1). It is a disease that generates pain and disability in adults with a significant socioeconomic impact both inside and outside our country (2). It is a degenerative, inflammatory and chronic arthropathy influenced by stress factors, risk factors, hormonal, environmental and genetic, which can predispose an individual to develop OA in a particular joint. It affects joint tissues including cartilage, subchondral bone and the synovial membrane. This disorder is a consequence of the progressive catabolism of the components of the articular cartilage matrix, caused by an imbalance between the synthesis and biochemical degradation of articular cartilage in the synovial joints; and any joint in the body can be affected, however, OA is most common in weight-bearing joints such as the knees, hips, spine, and hands. Osteoarthritis of the hand and wrist takes on greater importance since it produces a disability equivalent to that caused by heart disease, and greater than any other pathology in elderly people. In the hand and wrist, the most common site of OA is the base of the thumb (trapezio-metacarpal joint (TMC) or first carpo-metacarpal joint (CMC I) (3). In the case of postmenopausal women, It most commonly occurs in the distal and proximal interphalangeal joints (4). Radiography has been a sensitive method for the evaluation of the digital progression of OA, showing indicative radiographic changes such as: (narrowing of the joint space, osteophytes, cyst formation, sclerosis) in up to 81% of the elderly population, however , is not capable of detecting the structural or biochemical changes of OA; frequently the only findings are the patient's initial symptoms. Digital OA is associated with occasional painful flares and for several years may be asymptomatic, which cannot be predicted by radiography (5). Technetium 99m Methylene Diphosphonate (99mTc–MDP) bone scintigraphy (GO) has been suggested to be a sensitive method for detecting OA at an early stage and isotope retention around the hand or knee has been correlated with subsequent radiographic progression of OA (6,7). It is a study that is not part of the initial evaluation of osteoarticular disease, but its high sensitivity allows for the detection of previous structural changes, it is also reproducible and has a negative predictive value greater than 90%, allowing the origin of pain to be discriminated if it is from of soft tissue or bone. This is because the radiopharmaceutical reaches the bone through blood circulation and binds to the hydroxyapatite crystal with high affinity, allowing osteoblastic activity to be indirectly evaluated (8). Bone scintigraphy of the hands and wrists represents an important adjunct imaging technique that complements radiographic examination. The use of triphasic bone scintigraphy provides clinical information not only regarding bone uptake, but also blood flow and extravascular distribution of the tracer radius. In the literature there are old and limited studies, where bone scintigraphy is correlated in patients with osteoarthritis, however, they are not reproducible given the size of the sample, the observation time and because there is no joint clinical or imaging correlation. However, for many years, it has been emphasized that GO using 99mTc-phosphonate compounds has high sensitivity, but low specificity for the detection of bone and joint diseases, and it is suggested that it is a tool that allows the detection of initial structural changes (6,7). Currently, we have shown that the accidental detection of arthritic changes in a bone scintigraphy is a common finding that is often not reported and considered of little importance in the clinical context of the study. Our proposal is to carry out the first study worldwide evaluating the early changes of OA, based on a functional study and correlating it with clinical and radiographic images, and in this way contribute to the initial diagnosis to reduce the functional limitations of the disease and improve health-related quality of life.spa
dc.description.degreelevelEspecializaciónspa
dc.description.learningmodalityModalidad Presencialspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsPLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA ................................................................. 8 JUSTIFICACIÓN .................................................................................................. 10 MARCO TEORICO Y ESTADO DEL ARTE .......................................................... 14 Epidemiología de la OA .................................................................................... 14 Fisiopatología ..................................................................................................... 15 Etiología .............................................................................................................. 19 Clasificación ....................................................................................................... 19 Factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de OA en manos .............................. 20 Diagnostico ........................................................................................................ 26 Fenotipos clínicos de la mano OA .................................................................. 26 Perspectiva histórica de los nodos de Heberden ........................................ 28 Primera articulación carpometacarpiana en OA ......................................... 30 Medidas de la función de la mano ................................................................ 32 Imágenes .......................................................................................................... 34 Radiografía ....................................................................................................... 34 Sistema de puntuación ................................................................................... 36 PREGUNTA DE INVESTIGACIÓN ..................................................................... 38 OBJETIVOS GENERALES ................................................................................... 38 OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS ................................................................................. 38 METODOLOGÍA ................................................................................................ 39 Tipo de estudio ................................................................................................ 39 Población .......................................................................................................... 39 Criterios de inclusión ...................................................................................... 39 Criterios de exclusión ..................................................................................... 39 Cálculo del tamaño de muestra .................................................................... 39 Recolección de la información ...................................................................... 40 Plan de análisis ................................................................................................ 40 Limitaciones del estudio ................................................................................ 41 Aspectos éticos ............................................................................................... 41 RESULTADOS ................................................................................................... 43 DISCUSIÓN ....................................................................................................... 54 CONCLUSIONES ............................................................................................... 58 CRONOGRAMA ................................................................................................. 60 PRESUPUESTO .................................................................................................. 61 BIBLIOGRAFÍA ................................................................................................... 62 ANEXOS ............................................................................................................. 69 Variables ........................................................................................................... 69 Consentimiento informado ........................................................................... 79 Datos de medicina nuclear ........................................................................... 84 Datos de reumatología .................................................................................. 86spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameinstname:Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNABspa
dc.identifier.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional UNABspa
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl:https://repository.unab.edu.cospa
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/23195
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad Ciencias de la Saludspa
dc.publisher.grantorUniversidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNABspa
dc.publisher.programEspecialización en Medicina Nuclearspa
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dc.relation.uriapolohttps://apolo.unab.edu.co/en/persons/diego-luis-saaibi-solanospa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia*
dc.rights.localAbierto (Texto Completo)spa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/*
dc.subject.keywordsMedical sciencesspa
dc.subject.keywordsHealth sciencesspa
dc.subject.keywordsNuclear medicinespa
dc.subject.keywordsRadiationspa
dc.subject.keywordsPhysiological effectspa
dc.subject.keywordsArthritis hand function testspa
dc.subject.keywordsRheumatoid arthritisspa
dc.subject.keywordsNuclear magnetic resonancespa
dc.subject.keywordsTechnetium 99m Methylene Diphosphonatespa
dc.subject.keywordsTrapezio-metacarpal jointspa
dc.subject.keywordsProximal interphalangealspa
dc.subject.keywordsDistal interphalangealspa
dc.subject.keywordsBone scintigraphyspa
dc.subject.keywordsOsteoarthritisspa
dc.subject.keywordsHand osteoarthritisspa
dc.subject.keywordsThe clinical diagnosis based on ACR 1990 classification criteriaspa
dc.subject.keywordsMedical radiologyspa
dc.subject.keywordsDiagnostic imagingspa
dc.subject.keywordsRadioactivity (Measurements)spa
dc.subject.keywordsNon-invasive diagnosisspa
dc.subject.lembCiencias médicasspa
dc.subject.lembMedicina nuclearspa
dc.subject.lembRadiaciónspa
dc.subject.lembEfectos fisiológicosspa
dc.subject.lembRadiología médicaspa
dc.subject.lembDiagnóstico por imágenesspa
dc.subject.lembRadioactividad (Mediciones)spa
dc.subject.lembDiagnóstico no invasivospa
dc.subject.proposalCriterios del Colegio Americano de Reumatologíaspa
dc.subject.proposalArtritis reumatoideaspa
dc.subject.proposalGammagrafía óseaspa
dc.subject.proposalResonancia magnética nuclearspa
dc.subject.proposalOsteoartritisspa
dc.subject.proposalArticulación trapecio-metacarpianospa
dc.subject.proposalInterfalángicas proximalesspa
dc.subject.proposalInterfalángicas distalesspa
dc.subject.proposalOsteoartritis en manosspa
dc.subject.proposal99mTc-MDPspa
dc.subject.proposalTecnecio 99m metileno difosfonatospa
dc.titleValidez de criterio de los hallazgos gammagráficos en manos para diagnóstico de osteoartritis en población adultaspa
dc.title.translatedCriterion validity of scintigraphic findings in hands for diagnosis of osteoarthritis in the adult populationspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.hasversioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.localTesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM

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